mTORC1 is an important mediator of the increase in serum adiponectin and BCAA metabolism in adipose tissue induced by rosiglitazone.

Author(s)

Maynara Lucca Andrade

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB/SDI)
• Defense date: 2019-06-11

Examining board members

William Tadeu Lara Festuccia; Claudia Maria da Penha Oller do Nascimento; Rosemari Otton; Alice Cristina Rodrigues

• Advisor: William Tadeu Lara Festuccia

Abstract

Thiazolidinediones (TZDs), synthetic ligands of nuclear receptors PPARγ, have been widely used in the treatment of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome. These drugs improve glucose homeostasis by promoting redistribution of fat from visceral to subcutaneous depots, increasing adiponectin secretion, reducing lipemia, lipotoxicity, and inflammation of adipose tissue. A recent study showed that the treatment of rats with TZD rosiglitazone (RSG) induces an increase in the activity of mTOR complexes 1 and 2, which play an important role in the control of lipid metabolism, adiposity and endocrine function of adipose tissue. Thus, we investigated herein the specific involvement of adipocyte mTOR complex 1 in the morphological, metabolic and secretory alterations of white and brown adipose tissue induced by pharmacological activation of PPARγ in mice. For this, mice with raptor deletion (mTORC1) exclusively in adipocytes and littermate controls were fed a hyperlipidic diet and treated or not with RSG (30 mg/ kg/ day) for 8 weeks. Our data showed that both mTORC1 and PPARγ agonist are important adiposity regulators, where we observed that the genetic deletion of mTORC1 in adipocytes prevented the increase in adiposity. In addition, RSG was effective in reducing the masses of visceral fat depots retroperitoneal and epididymal without altering the mass of the subcutaneous fat depot inguinal. RSG induced an expressive increase in brown adipose tissue mass, such, an effect that was blocked by mTOR 1 complex deficiency. mTORC1 ablation in adipocytes increased UCP1 content (gene and protein expression). Interesting, RSG lost its ability to reduce the percentage of smaller adipocytes, to increase serum levels of adiponectin and reduce those of BCAA, as well as to increase mRNA levels of CD36 and PEPCK, mitochondrial lipids such as cardiolipin and phosphatidylethanolamine, lipid mediators as long chain ceramides in white adipose tissue. Other effects of RSG such as reducing serum TAG and insulin levels, adipose tissue inflammation, such as IL1 and TNF, and improving glucose homeostasis were not affected by mTOR complex 1 deficiency. We conclude thus that mTORC1 is important mediator of some actions of PPARγ agonism. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 15/13508-8 - Involvement of adipocytes mTOR complexes 1 and 2 in the morphological, metabolic and secretory changes induced by pharmacological PPARgamma activation
• Grantee: Maynara Lucca Andrade
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate