Full text
| |
| Author(s): |
Delia do Carmo Vieira
Total Authors: 1
|
| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | São Carlos. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Física de São Carlos (IFSC/BT) |
| Defense date: | 2002-04-26 |
| Examining board members: |
Odilio Benedito Garrido de Assis;
Sergio Paulo Campana Filho;
Murilo Daniel de Mello Innocentini;
Oscar Peitl Filho;
Ubirajara Pereira Rodrigues Filho
|
| Advisor: | Odilio Benedito Garrido de Assis |
| Abstract | |
This work is focused in two main aspects: i) The processing and characterization of porous vitreous pieces, produced from waste glass and ii) The deposition of chitosan (CHI) and carboximethilcelullose (CMC) on the vitreous surface. The evaluation of the active aspects aiming at interactions with the herbicide atrazine (ATZ) was realized in aqueous medium. The processing follows the filler principle making use of NaCl and MgCO3 as porous phases formation. Characterization showed that NaCl acts as a soluble, inert phase, with interaction over NaCl-Matrix interface, resulting in cristobalite phase as final structure. Conversely, the MgCO3 reacts along the matrix generating new phases such as CaMg(SiO3)2. The final porous and matrix structure also differs to each used salt, mainly concerning morphological aspects of the porous where semiquantitive analysis point to the Na+ in glass-NaCl interface and to Mg++ as the main chain modifiers. Measurements by porosimetry has showed that in the materials processed with NaCl the porous structure are typically open with uniform size distribution and present a certain regularity of forms when compared with the membranes processed with MgCO3. Concerning an herbicide interaction, which was evaluated by spectroscopic techniques inferring interaction between chemically active surfaces and ATZ. The herbicide removal through CHI and CHI+CMC deposited films resulted numerically lower than those values attained to glass surface absent of films. Nevertheless, the results point that to a better interaction between CHI and ATZ when both are dissolved at pH 3,0. By XPS scanning it was possible to follow the variation of the surface concentration with increasing of the elements O (1s), C (1s), N (1s) e Cl (2s) confirming surface interaction, despite not being feasible to define what functional groups take place in the interaction. Numerical analysis presents herbicide removal in the order of 10-12% concerning measure performed over a single membrane. Complementary tests of metal removal (Cd) confirmed the advantage of CHI surface in this type of interaction, making evident that composed filtration system could be ideal in the removal of distinct contaminants. (AU) | |