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| Author(s): |
Letícia Gonçalves Gasparotto
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Piracicaba. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALA/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2020-02-04 |
| Examining board members: |
Fábio Ricardo Marin;
Fernando Campos Mendonça;
Daniel Silveira Pinto Nassif
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| Advisor: | Fábio Ricardo Marin |
| Abstract | |
With the introduction of flex-fuel cars in the Brazilian market, the demand for ethanol from sugarcane has increased considerably. However, this demand is still expected to increase with international protocols aimed at reducing greenhouse gases. However, with the demand for sustainable agriculture, the increase in sugar cane production must come from the increase in yield in already consolidated areas. In this context, the present study aimed to: (i) identify the management factors responsible for reducing crop yield in a commercial area, (ii), from a literature review, to generate income loss equations for each factor and (iii) decompose the loss caused by each factor and assess how much they would increase crop yield, (iv) analyze the influence of row spacing on sugarcane productivity, through a literature review and (v) identify the planting spacing that would result in higher yields. For this purpose, the work was divided into two parts. The first stage was carried out inside a plant to assess the influence of management factors on crop yield. In this plant, the restrictive and limiting factors for crop yield were identified and surveyed. The data obtained with the survey were converted into losses, through yield loss equations that were generated by literature review for each factor found. The results showed that the yield loss equations were able to reasonably estimate the yield loss in the commercial plots population, Mechanized harvest (R2 = 0.52). The average yield gap was 27 Mg ha-1, while the yield gap estimated by the equations was 35 Mg ha-1. The main factors were soil compaction, nutritional deficiency and plant population, respectively. The second part consisted of the evaluation of planting spacing in the yield of sugarcane. Studies were carried out to assess the influence of wide and reduced spacing in relation to yield. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey\'s test was used to compare the mean (p <0.05). The results of the second part of the work showed that the reduction of the spacing would provide significant increases in the productivity of the culture (p <0.01), mainly in the spacing of 90 and 100 cm. However, the reduction in planting spacing is limited by mechanized crop harvesting. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 18/06396-7 - Quantification and decomposition of yield gap of sugarcane mill |
| Grantee: | Leticia Gonçalves Gasparotto |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |