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| Author(s): |
Sergio Junior da Silva Fachin
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto Astronômico e Geofísico (IAG/SBD) |
| Defense date: | 2012-08-09 |
| Examining board members: |
Carlos Alberto Mendonça;
Vagner Roberto Elis;
Jose Domingos Faraco Gallas;
Otávio Coaracy Brasil Gandolfo;
César Augusto Moreira
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| Advisor: | Carlos Alberto Mendonça |
| Abstract | |
Self-potential anomalies with amplitudes of tens to hundreds of millivolts are observed in contaminated plumes despite not fully explained by geobattery models commonly used in geophysical exploration. Recently proposed models, termed as biogeobattery, assume that organic structures produced by microorganisms act as electronic conductors, as it is done by conductive minerals in standard geobattery models. The biogeobattery model in addition resembles what is termed as bioelectrochemical system or microbial fuel cell in fields of the research in biotechnology (bioenergy). This study explores this similarity to develop a laboratory experiment using a bioelectrochemical system as an analog model for a biogeobattery, to show that this model is able to explain the spontaneous potential signals observed in many geophysical surveys over contaminated sites. Experimental and modeling results show that the amplitude of the electric potential from a biogeobattery depends on: the area of ? the cathode, its internal resistance, the existence of an additional flow of cations (from the anode to the cathode), the electrical resistivity of the medium and the separation of anode to the cathode. In general, the experimental results were compatible with field observations at a contamination plume produced by a landfill. The contamination plume extends over two levels deep, degrading the quality of the unconfined and confined aquifers. The amplitude of the self-potential anomaly reaches 70mV over the unconfined aquifer and is negligible over the confined aquifer, as observed in the corresponding models of the laboratory experiment. The biogeobattery experiment also shows that chemical reactions at the system anode were able do oxidize the organic substrate, reducing in 10% its chemical oxygen demand. This result shows that self-potential signals in contaminated areas can be regarded as indicative of oxidative processes taking of buried organic matter and, as such, a proxy of biodegradation processes leading to natural attenuation of organic ontaminants. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 07/05829-2 - Self-potential method applied in environmental investigation: acquisition and data inversion |
| Grantee: | Sergio Junior da Silva Fachin |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |