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| Author(s): |
Isabela Roque Marçal
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Bauru. 2021-06-22. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp). Faculdade de Ciências. Bauru |
| Defense date: | 2021-05-28 |
| Advisor: | Emmanuel Gomes Ciolac |
| Abstract | |
Aging is an increasing phenomenon affecting the population worldwide. The aging process is strongly correlated with non-communicable chronic diseases whereas cardiovascular diseases are the most prevalent. Hypertension, systemic disease with a high risk for cardiovascular disease and commonly observed in older individuals, affects 36 million worldwide population strongly associated with comorbidity and mortality levels. Exercise is the main non pharmacological therapy recommended in the prevention, control, and management of hypertension. However, the overall guidelines recommend land-based exercise and older individuals may have physical limitations and/or diseases restricting their participation. In this sense, water-based exercise has been showing superior benefits on hemodynamic variables compared to land-based. In contrast, little is known about the physiological responses to immersion and different exercise intensities performed in water-based in older individuals with hypertension. We aimed to assess the hemodynamic, vascular, and cardiac autonomic responses to one single session of immersion in heated water-based versus solo-based and one single session of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) versus continuous moderate-intensity exercise (MICE) in older individuals with hypertension. Study 1 compared the blood pressure, heart rate, arterial stiffness, and endothelial function in 35 older individuals (67 ± 5 y) treated for hypertension to 30 min of resting in heated water-based versus land-based. Study 2 investigated the heart rate response to HIIE (26min) and MICE (30min) prescribed and self-regulated by 6- 20 rating perceived exertion (RPE) scale in 15 older individuals (65 ± 3 y) treated for hypertension. Study 3 assessed the blood pressure and heart rate (HR) at resting and 24h, HR variability in resting and 24h, arterial stiffness, and endothelial function and 24h heart rate variability to one single session of HIIE (26min), MICE (30min) and control (30min-CON) in separated days. Study 1 showed an increased blood pressure response post and sustained after 45min of immersion while no differences were observed in land-based. Study 2 demonstrated that HR altered between anaerobic threshold and respiratory compensation point during HIIE. HR remained lower than anaerobic threshold in MICE, suggesting that the RPE scale at 15-17 is a useful tool for prescribing and self-regulating heated water-based HIIE, but not MICE. Study 3 showed that one single session of HIIE and MICE did not promote post-exercise hypotension in older individuals with hypertension. HIIE was superior to improve parasympathetic modulation indexes in the short-term compared to MICE and CON. However, exercise sessions maintained autonomic nervous system perturbed (high HR variability values) during 24h post exercise compared to CON. These results may have important implications in 15 water-based interventions performed by older individuals with hypertension (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 18/09695-5 - Hemodynamic response to heated water-based exercise in older individuals with hypertension: effect of high-intensity interval versus moderate-intensity continuous exercise |
| Grantee: | Isabela Roque Marcal |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |