Incorporation of genetic markers information in beef cattle breeding programs

Author(s)

Fernanda Marcondes de Rezende

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: Pirassununga.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Zootecnica e Engenharia de Alimentos (FZE/BT)
• Defense date: 2012-05-02

Examining board members

Flávio Vieira Meirelles; Fernando Flores Cardoso; José Fernando Garcia; Gerson Barreto Mourão

• Advisor: Flávio Vieira Meirelles; Noelia Ibañez Escriche

Abstract

The availability of molecular markers information turned out to be an opportunity to improve animal breeding programs, by the inclusion of those effects in the estimation of breeding values. Under that perspective, the aims of present research were to compare genetic evaluation models that assumed or not markers effects on the estimation of breeding values, as well estimate the allelic substitution effects of SNP markers applying six different methodologies (Bayesian multiple regression, Bayesian ridge regression, Bayes A, Bayes B, Bayes Cπ and Bayesian Lasso) and evaluate the impact of these effects on the reliability of breeding values and the divergences on animals classification based on classical breeding values and marker assisted breeding values. Data of 83,404 animals belonging to a Nellore beef cattle (Bos indicus) selection program, measured for post-weaning gain, scrotal circumference and muscle score, corresponding to 116,562 animals on the relationship matrix, were used. From those animals, a set of 3,160 animals with phenotypic and genealogy data available, was genotyped for a panel of 106 SNP markers. Model comparison results did not demonstrate clearly the advantage of assuming polygenic and markers effects together in genetic evaluation models, however, models that considered only markers effects presented the worst global fit and predictive ability. Differences observed on the markers effects estimates were due the shrinkage process applied by each method. The incorporation of markers information on genetic evaluations provided, in general, increases on the reliability of breeding values, mainly for replacement young animals. Comparing the 20% best animals classified by classical breeding value and marker assisted breeding value, the highest divergences were observed to sires and young bulls that were genotyped. Summarizing, although this research showed that the inclusion of very low density SNP chip information was not able to improve the predictive ability of genetic evaluation models, they increased the reliability of breeding values estimates. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 09/14198-1 - Incorporation of genetic markers information in beef cattle breeding programs
• Grantee: Fernanda Marcondes de Rezende
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate