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| Author(s): |
Myriam Therezinha Neves Campanhã
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Conjunto das Químicas (IQ e FCF) (CQ/DBDCQ) |
| Defense date: | 2000-06-27 |
| Examining board members: |
Ana Maria Carmona Ribeiro;
Ana Campa;
Arlete Emily Cury;
Shirley Schreier;
Omar Abdel Moneim Abou El Seoud
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| Advisor: | Ana Maria Carmona Ribeiro; Elsa Masae Mamizuka |
| Abstract | |
Liposomes are microscopic vesicles composed by one or more lipid membranes surrounding an aqueous compartment. Some synthetic amphiphilic molecules, such as dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB), a quaternary ammonium compound also assemble as vesicles. This work is divided in four parts: 1) susceptibility of four bacterial species to the bactericidal DODAB action; 2) characterization of DODAB\'s antifungal action; 3) solubilization of two hydrophobic antifungal drugs (amphotericin B and miconazole) in DODAB liposomes; 4) determination of efficiency for the liposomal drugs. The susceptibility of four species of bacteria was determined from cell viability in the presence of DODAB at 2.5 x 107 CFU/mL. The less susceptible specie is Escherichia coli, followed by S. Typhimurium, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. There is a relationship between cell surface charge and viability. Negatively charged cells remain alive whereas positively charged cells die. The antifungal action of DODAB towards Candida albicans was evaluated from the determination of cell viability as a function of DODAB concentration. DODAB is fungistatic at 1 mM concentration, and bactericidal at tenths of micromolar (10-50 µM). Liposomal amphotericin B or miconazole present fungicidal action similar to that of the drugs when solubilized in their best solvents. DODAB at 1 mM competes with the fungal cell membrane for amphotericin B solubilization. At 1 mM of DODAB, the liposomal phase wins the competition for drug solubilization and the drug is not delivered to the cell. However, at 0.1 mM of DODAB, the cell membrane wins and the drug is delivered. (AU) | |