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| Author(s): |
Juliana Falcato Vecina
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Campinas, SP. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Faculdade de Ciências Médicas |
| Defense date: | 2013-07-31 |
| Examining board members: |
Mary Luci de Souza Queiroz;
Gabriel Forato Anhê;
Carla Roberta de Oliveira Carvalho;
Eduardo Rochete Ropelle;
Suzana Beatriz Verissimo de Mello
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| Advisor: | Mary Luci de Souza Queiroz; Mario José Abdalla Saad |
| Abstract | |
Obesity is a worldwide epidemic problem. Considered a chronic inflammatory process, promotes insulin resistance and development of Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (DM2). In addition, could generate several mediators, which are capable to influence the complex hematopoiesis regulation, including tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?), Interleukin-1 (IL-1), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and leptin. The search for natural agents that minimize obesity-associated disorders is receiving attention from the scientific community. In this sense, Chlorella vulgaris (CV) has emerged as an alternative treatment and prophylaxis agent against obesity-related complications. Studies by our group have demonstrated the alga effect in myelosuppression recovery in different experimental models. Considering these aspects, the present study aimed to evaluate the prophylactic effect of CV on immunohematopoietic modulation, metabolic and insulin signaling in obese animals. To this, Balb/C mice were divided into 4 groups (n=6): control (C), standard diet and CV (C+CV), high-fat diet (HFD), HFD and CV (HFD+CV) in different periods. The administration of CV restored medullar hematopoiesis reduction and increased extramedullar hematopoiesis promoted by HFD. The CV increased the CSA levels in all groups. While, HFD+CV group produced a twice additional increase in the CSA levels in all periods studied. Only HFD group showed decrease in the number of GMP in BM, CV reverted this change. In relation to metabolism and insulin signaling, HFD group showed a significant increase in blood glucose compared to C, CV was able to decrease blood glucose on this group. In addition, HFD+CV group improve tolerance of glucose and insulin, together with the improvement of IR?, IRS-1, and AKT phosphorylation in the liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. As expected, HFD group showed increased levels of pro-Inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-?, TGF-? and IFN?), confirming the presence of subclinical inflammation in these animals. The CV causes a significant reduction in serum levels of these cytokines in this group. Moreover, HFD group showed reduced levels of IL-10, and the CV reverted such values. The CV maintained the levels of free fatty acids, ketone bodies, triglycerides, cholesterol and its fractions within the physiological values in HFD+CV group. Therefore, these results show that CV was able to modulate the immunohematopoietic parameters and prevent the deleterious effects of diet-induced obese mice. Thus, the alga Chlorella vulgaris appears as a promising prophylactic and therapeutic agent against obesity-related complications (AU) | |