Full text
| |
| Author(s): |
José Matheus de Moura Andrade
Total Authors: 1
|
| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Piracicaba. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALA/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2022-02-18 |
| Examining board members: |
José Fernando Machado Menten;
Simara Márcia Marcato;
Raquel Tatiane Pereira
|
| Advisor: | José Fernando Machado Menten |
| Abstract | |
The use of insects in animal feed is increasingly gaining ground; the numerous studies carried out using insect meal point to real benefits on its use, among them improvement in animal performance and in immune responses, revealing nutraceutical properties that are added to nutritional ones. The insects most researched today are the mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) and the black soldier fly - BSF (Hermetia illucens). Both insects produce antimicrobial peptides that are responsible for their defense and are effective against Gram-negative and positive bacteria, fungi and, recently, they have been shown to have a modulating effect on the immune response of birds. Several studies have evaluated insect meals focusing on their nutritional value as a source of energy and protein. Due to its nutraceutical properties, the use of the ingredient as a functional food was evaluated in this study, focusing on modulating the immune system of broilers and enabling production without the use of growth-promoting antibiotics. The present project is composed of 3 chapters: (1) performance evaluation of broilers fed in the initial phase with 0.5 or 1.0% of meal of larvae of larvae of larvae or black soldier fly and possible residual effect of the ingredients until the final phase; (2) two independent experiments, the first to evaluate the performance of broilers up to 35 days old fed with 0.5 or 2.0% Tenebrio molitor larvae meal and the bacterial count in the cecum; the second, using the same experimental diets, to evaluate the performance and the innate immune system of broilers challenged at 21 days with LPS (lipopolysaccharide) from E. coli; (3) performance evaluation of broilers fed with 0.5 or 2.0% defatted black soldier fly larvae meal and the immune system of birds challenged at 35 days with E. coli LPS. Feed containing 10 mg/kg of enramycin and 66 mg/kg of salinomycin was the positive control (PC) and feed without supplementation was the negative control (NC). In chapter 1, no statistically significant difference was observed between dietary treatments. In chapter 2, birds fed with 2.0% of tenebrio meal had an intermediate weight gain at CN and CP, increase in feed intake (CR) and feed conversion (FC) was not influenced. No difference was observed in the bacterial count in the cecum. In exp.2B the treatments did not differ statistically in weight gain (WG) and CR, however the birds fed with 2.0% of mealworm meal had a better CA. The treatments did not change the parameters of the immune system of the challenged birds; non-challenged chickens fed with 2% turkey meal had higher immune system complement and myeloperoxidase activity. In chapter 3, birds fed with 2.0% BSF flour also had an intermediate performance to CN and CP, increase in CR and CA was not influenced. Birds not challenged with LPS and fed with 2.0% BSF meal had higher activity of lysozyme and complement system in relation to NC and after challenge with LPS they had higher bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli than CP birds. No improvement in the performance of birds fed with 0.5% insect meal was observed in any of the experiments performed. The results of this project prove that the evaluated insect meals used in low inclusion level (2.0%) can improve the performance of the birds (with intermediate value to the use of antibiotic + coccidiostat) and modulate the innate immune system of the birds. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 20/09567-7 - Performance and immune response to cutting using tenebrium (tenebrio molitor) and black soldier fly (Hermetia illuscens) as a nutritional additive |
| Grantee: | José Matheus de Moura Andrade |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |