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| Author(s): |
Temidayo James Aransiola
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Campinas, SP. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Instituto de Economia |
| Defense date: | 2021-01-29 |
| Examining board members: |
Marcelo Justus dos Santos;
Alexandre Gori Maia;
Thomas Victor Conti;
Daniel Ricardo de Castro Cerqueira;
Augusta Pelinski Raiher
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| Advisor: | Marcelo Justus dos Santos; Vania Ceccato |
| Abstract | |
The main objective of this study is to provide specific discussions concerning the determinants of crime and violence in four empirical essays from an economic and multidisciplinary approach. The first essay investigates the space-temporal growth of homicide rates in Brazil by providing empirical evidence of a convergence process and identifying predictors of the country¿s geography of homicides growth. The second investigates the effect of absolute deprivation (proxy unemployment) and relative deprivation (proxy income inequality) on homicide levels in Brazil. The data for these first two essays were obtained from the Brazilian Information System about Mortality and Census, but the empirical strategy for both differ ¿ spatial autoregression model for the first and negative binomial model for the second. The third essay empirically tests four competing hypotheses of the causes of cargo theft ¿ the space-time dynamics hypothesis, the economic attractiveness hypothesis, the social structure hypothesis, and the deterrence hypothesis ¿ focusing on the São Paulo case. The Autoregressive-Distributed Lag model was estimated to test these hypotheses. The fourth essay investigates the effect of economic conditions on lethal crimes by testing the hypotheses that the relationship between GDP and homicide rates is non-linear and influenced by levels of income inequality. This last essay used data panel data of the OECD member countries to estimate GMM models for testing these hypotheses. As to results, the first paper confirms that the convergence of lethal violence exists in Brazil and is happening faster due to the increasing growth observed in the North and Northeast regions of the country. The second essay found that unemployment and income inequality increase lethal crimes and their effects are intertwined in that the effect of one exacerbates that of the other. The third essay found that the number of cargo thefts of a geographic area can be predicted by itself and that of neighboring areas. The result for economic attractiveness and social structure is inconclusive but police activity reduces cargo theft. The fourth essay found a non-linear relationship between GDP and homicide rates. Besides having a predominant effect on homicide rates, income inequality conditions the effect of GDP on homicide rates (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 16/23475-2 - Economic essays on crime in OECD member countries and Brazil |
| Grantee: | Temidayo James Aransiola |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |