Full text
| |
| Author(s): |
Ademilson Josemar Zamboni
Total Authors: 1
|
| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | São Carlos. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos (EESC/SBD) |
| Defense date: | 2000-07-20 |
| Examining board members: |
Maria da Gloria Blumer Soares Moreira;
Marcia Caruso Bicego;
Maria Beatriz Bohrer Morel;
Odete Rocha;
Takako Matsumura Tundisi
|
| Advisor: | Maria da Gloria Blumer Soares Moreira |
| Abstract | |
Ecotoxicology, leads to the exercise of multidisciplinarity, as a way to integrate segmented observations and to bring to the light objective insights, but still rich in realistic data on the subject of environmental pollution. The present study explores certain foundations of its application as the selection of new test-organisms ecologically representative of the marine and estuarine environments of southem Brazil and, starting from a real and urgent problem, the pollution of the Patos Lagoon Estuary in the neighborhood of Rio Grande, RS, proposes an integrated technique of quality diagnosis for this aquatic ecosystem. The mysid crustacean Metamysidopsis elongata atantica and the tanaid Kalliapseudes schubartii were investigated as their potential for use in toxicity tests with liquid samples and sediments, and with relationship to its sensitivity to heavy metais under different salinity and temperature conditions, being shown to be very adequate for the purpose. In a second instance, starting from a preliminary toxicological characterization and from bibliographic searches for previous environmental data, between the Autumn of 1997 and the Summer of 1998, it was applied a methodology that gathered tests of acute toxicity of sediments with K. schuhartii and the amphipod H. azteca, chemical analyses of pollutants as heavy metais and alipbatic and aromatic hydrocarbons of petroleum and the characterization o f the benthic community in I O points located around Rio Grande, under impact of different polluting sources. The results were integrated and a diagnosis was generated according to the \"Sediments Quality Triad\" methodology, that pointed to areas heavily impacted by anthropogenic activities and with great contamination for heavy metais, nutrients and petroleum hydrocarbons. Alterations m the benthos and toxicity o f the sediments were also associated to those factors. (AU) | |