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| Author(s): |
Isabella Caroline Pereira Rodrigues
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Campinas, SP. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica |
| Defense date: | 2024-03-08 |
| Examining board members: |
Éder Sócrates Najar Lopes;
Amedea Barozzi Seabra;
Anderson de Oliveira Lobo;
Cecília Amélia de Carvalho Zavaglia;
Marcos Akira D'Avila
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| Advisor: | Éder Sócrates Najar Lopes; Laís Pellizzer Gabriel |
| Abstract | |
Skeletal system surgeries have a significant impact on the healthcare system in Brazil and globally. Orthopedic implants are usually essential for patient rehabilitation. However, current implants have limitations that can lead to low osseointegration and contamination, known as osteomyelitis. Implants combined with pharmacological and osteoconductive scaffolds emerge as promising alternatives to minimize the failures of existing implants. The use of titanium alloys, such as Ti6Al4V, is common in implants due to their mechanical strength, but structural modifications are necessary to reduce their stiffness and avoid bone resorption. Additives, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and collagen (COL), can be used to improve osteoconduction and subsequent osseointegration, and antibiotics, such as rifampicin (RIF), to prevent osteomyelitis. The biodegradable polymer poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is widely used as a matrix for additives and drugs for scaffold production. Additive manufacturing techniques, including powder bed fusion and 3D (bio)printing, have great potential in producing implants and scaffolds, allowing customization and tailoring of their mechanical and structural properties. Rotary jet spinning is also a promising technique and enables the production of fibrous polymeric scaffolds that mimic the extracellular matrix. This study demonstrates the potential of combining these techniques and materials to promote osseointegration and antibacterial activity, presenting new scaffolds and implants with great applicability in bone regeneration. For this purpose, composite scaffolds and implants based on PLGA-HA, PLGA-COL-HA, PLGA-HA-RIF, and Ti6Al4V were developed and characterized. Implants produced through additive manufacturing and scaffolds manufactured by rotary jet spinning showed desirable characteristics, such as stability of the involved materials, homogeneous morphology, uniform distribution of additives, osteoconductive property, controlled antibiotic release, and biocompatibility. Furthermore, scaffolds produced by 3D (bio)printing using multimaterial coextrusion demonstrated enhanced mechanical properties compared to other (bio)printed materials and the ability to promote the viability, proliferation, and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to facilitate bone regeneration. These results offer an optimistic view for the future of locomotor system injury treatment, indicating that the implants developed in this study have the potential to overcome the limitations of current implants, thus improving clinical outcomes and patients' quality of life. However, it is important to emphasize the need for additional studies to optimize processing conditions and validate the effectiveness of in vivo bone regeneration, thus ensuring the successful translation of these advancements into clinical practice. Therefore, this work significantly contributes to advancing bone tissue engineering and provides a solid foundation for future research in this crucial area of regenerative medicine (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 20/14679-9 - Development of pharmacological and osteoconductive scaffolds based on additive manufactured Ti6Al4V and bioresorbable rotary jet spun membranes |
| Grantee: | Isabella Caroline Pereira Rodrigues |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |