Urbanization and socio-spacial segregation in Bauru (SP): a case study the hydrographic basic of Agua Comprida Stream

Author(s)

Fernanda Nascimento Corghi

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: Campinas, SP.
• Institution: Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Instituto de Geociências
• Defense date: 2008-08-29

Examining board members

Antonio Carlos Vitte; Lindon Fonseca Matias; Júlio César Suzuki

• Advisor: Antonio Carlos Vitte

Abstract

This research is based on the hypothesis that production of urban space of Bauru is product of complex relationship between characteristics of the natural environment and antropical interactions in the urban area. Therefore this Project is linked with the processes of territorial dispute which emerge from the unlike urban space in the origin of the hydrographic basin of Água Comprida stream, on which it intends to analyze the process of unequal formation, according to the logic of urbanization of the county and of Brazil. Bauru is a sub-regional center of the State of São Paulo, and as such, reproduces in its territory the type of segregational capitalistic production, which turns it into a scenario of constant class struggles. The debates on urban reform are intensified on the contemporary urban space, since the fortified residential areas and the shantytown, as demonstration of the concentration of capital are an expression of the logic of territorial division and of the (re)production of the complex social situation. The study area is distinguish for its complex territorial fragmentation and a history of environmental degradation, where a relative concentration of closed condominiums are located in the midst of an unregulated low-income settlement and a remaining forest in order to be parceling, in spite of the community's disapproval. The illegal occupation, called as Jardim Nicéia, originated during the military government (1964-1988) that seeks to develop capitalism, but does not invest in social policy. The "ghettoing" process emerged as a symptom from the migrants who had no means of financing a house through the housing finance system and invaded institutional areas. The Nicéia fits in this process, and currently is in contrast both of terms of boundary and season with the closed lotting areas which surged after the 90s, linked to the new centralities areas, whose idealization is the model city that emerged from the intensification of globalization. The center-periphery relationship changes. The new urban peripheries are formed by condominiums, lots, shopping centers and the Nicéia appears as a remaining of dictatorship period among this new logic procedural. For the constitution of this project attempts were made to participate in the fighting process together with the activists of the basin, observing, providing data, and forming interviews with the people involved. The physical alterations were registered in the form of photography. The cartography was based on aereal photos and maps of altitude, slope and geotecnics in order to analyze how the urbanization process has developed in the urban area. The bibliography has contextualized the movements in the process of Brazilian urbanization, as well as the understanding of the struggle for socio-environmental rationality in the contemporary world. The social movements studied have interest struggles, which are mainly linked to economic rationality, and thanks to them, the forest which could have been parceling, continues today preserved, and illegal occupation among the condominiums, which might already have been removed, is a free process of Land Ownership. The socio-environmental movements are guided in the regulations of the Participative Master Plan and still willing to fight for social relocation of nature, even without the approval of the city council municipal. (AU)