Knowledge and truth in Martin Heidegger¿s Fundamental Ontology

Author(s)

Luciano Campos dos Santos

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: Campinas, SP.
• Institution: Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
• Defense date: 2011-04-13

Examining board members

Zeljko Loparic; Oswaldo Giacoia Junior; Robson Ramos dos Reis

• Advisor: Zeljko Loparic

Abstract

The present work has as its objective to examine the relationships between knowledge and truth (in the meaning of uncoverering and disclosure), in the context of Heidegger's Fundamental Ontology. At first, we have attempted to characterize knowledge as a founded mode of the being-in-the-world as occupation, making it clear the intentional structure which is proper to it, as well as explaining the existential-phenomenological interpretation of the "result" of the knowing behavior (concepts of substance / eidos) - put into question, as to what regards its correctness, when one considers the concepts of modern physics. The approach to the phenomenon of knowing, here undertaken, reaches its peak with the presentation of the "implicit" relations between the kind-of-being of knowledge and the "problem of truth", which are present in the analysis of the phenomenon of the predicative enunciation (paragraph 33 of Being and Time); and it is taking that analysis as a basis that we have tried to indicate the position of Logic in the Fundamental Ontology. In sequence, in the context of the thematization of the existential meaning of truth, we have focused on the concept of evidenciation (Ausweisung), in which the heideggerian conceptions of knowing and truth are fully intermingled, as it is the case in the description of the truth of knowledge as an enunciative kind of uncovering of the beings such as they are in themselves. We have tried, in the first place, to show Heidegger's use of Husserl and of Aristotle, as well as how he kept the idea of truth as adaequatio, all of which are crammed into that concept. We have tried to establish the idea that the non-truth (falsity) of predicative enunciations (not explicitly a theme in Heidegger's Being and Time) can be thought of as departing from the husserlian concept of "differentiation synthesis". We have, still, tried to clarify what it means the "in itself" of the entities which are given in the evidenciation and which are hidden in differeciation, and to emphasize the problematic aspect of the idea of a giveness of the entities "in themselves", in the scope of scientific investigation. Finally, we have presented the discussion concerning the heideggerian conception of truth, initiated by Tugendhat in 1964, and constantly re-opened by various other philosophers, including Gethmann, whose interpretation is here evaluated (AU)