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| Author(s): |
Beatriz Mariana Abramczuk
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Campinas, SP. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Faculdade de Ciências Médicas |
| Defense date: | 2010-02-26 |
| Examining board members: |
Maria Marluce dos Santos Vilela;
Dewton de Moraes Vasconcelos;
Adyléia Aparecida Dalbo Contrera Toro
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| Advisor: | Maria Marluce dos Santos Vilela |
| Abstract | |
Use of antiretroviral drugs by the pregnant woman, cesarean delivery at 38 weeks of gestation, intravenous zidovudine during delivery and orally to the newborn, in addition to not breastfeeding, are recommendations used successfully to reduce vertical transmission of HIV. These recommendations, coupled with the intrauterine environment altered by maternal infection, interfere with growth and development of the fetus/ embryo and may lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and hematological and immunological changes. In the study referred to as Chapter I were included 33 HIV-exposed uninfected infants (HEU) and 47 healthy infants not exposed to the virus (NE) and in the study referred to as Chapter II, 51 ENI and 112 NE, all of them with median age of 7 months. We compared HEU and NE with respect to birth weight, TCD3 lymphocyte, CD4+, CD8+ and CD3-CD16+CD56+ (natural killer) counts, cytotoxic activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells against tumor cells K562 and humoral response to hepatitis B, diphtheria and tetanus vaccine (Instituto Butantan, SP, Brazil). The results show low birth weight and reduced lymphocyte count TCD3, CD4 + and CD8 + among infants of the HEU group. Inedited results of this study were a reduced protective response to hepatitis B vaccine, lower antitetanus titres of and normal anti-diphtheria titres for the HEU infants. Furthermore, we observed to the HEU group a normal count of natural killer cells and preserved cytotoxic activity of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We conclude that the group of HEU young infants has a low birth weight and changes in the development of adaptive immunity, requiring specific guidance for the vaccination schedule. (AU) | |