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| Author(s): |
Julia Pereira Molina
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Campinas, SP. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Instituto de Biologia |
| Defense date: | 2010-08-25 |
| Examining board members: |
Marlene Tiduko Ueta;
Maria José Tavares Ranzani;
Edson Aparecido Adriano;
Silmara Marques Allegretti;
Luiz Eduardo Roland Tavares
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| Advisor: | Marlene Tiduko Ueta |
| Abstract | |
Trypanosomes have been reported in several species of fish that inhabit salt and fresh waters. The majority of these protozoan species are described based on morphologic features. The parasites are heteroxenic and are transmitted by leeches. This work aims to characterize the prevalence and density of infection by Trypanosoma sp. present in the blood of three species of armored catfish collected from Mogi Guaçu river (Cachoeira das Emas, Pirassununga city, SP) and characterize morphologically and by molecular techniques the trypanosomes found in the blood of catfish. Between february 2008 and february 2009, 256 specimens of armored catfish were collected, being 60 Hypostomus albopunctatus, 100 Hypostomus regain, and 96 Hypostomus strigaticeps. The blood was collected by cardiac puncture and a sample of 8µl was removed to realize blood smears on microscope slides. The slides were fixed in methanol and stained with giemsa for posterior analysis on light microscopy for determination of positive presence and density of trypanosomas. After biometric analysis and blood collection fish were marked half of the fish marked were maintened in a tank of CEPTA/ ICMBIO for future verification of the infeccion maintence and the other half were retorned to the river. It was found a prevalence of 47,6% and the average density of 0,75 parasitas/µl of blood. The prevalence during the year presented significative differences only for Hypostomus regani (p=0,0054) e Hypostomus strigaticeps (p=0,0007). The average density of parasites showed no significant differences among the three fish species analyzed and the monthly variation of density per species of fish. Also, leeches of the genus Placobdella sp. were collected from the surface of the body and mouth of armored catfish for DNA extraction. The primers used (S-1842 and S- 1843) amplified a 1000bp fragment of the 18S rRNA gene of trypanosomes isolated from leeches collected in H regani and H. strigaticeps. Of the 19 fish recaptured after two months only three remained positive. Therein, 255 trypanosomes were measured being 66 H. albopunctatus, 64 H. regani and 95 H. strigaticeps and values were compared with those of other parasite species found in different species of fish. The parasites found in the three species of fish presented similar morphological characteristics. The frequency of occurrence was established according to the variation in body length as evidence of pleomorphism. Nevertheless morphological data show that Trypanosoma sp.1 and Trypanosoma p.2 can be considered distinct species, the analysis revealed the presence of pleomorphism in trypanosomes found in the three species of fish. (AU) | |