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| Author(s): |
Tihany Morita Antero dos Santos
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Campinas, SP. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos |
| Defense date: | 2004-12-13 |
| Examining board members: |
Francisco Maugeri Filho;
Cesar Costapinto Santana;
Eliana Setsuko Kamimura;
Helia Harumi Sato;
Maria Lucia Gonsales da Costa Araujo;
Maria das Graças de Almeida Felipe;
Maria Isabel Rodrigues
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| Advisor: | Francisco Maugeri Filho |
| Abstract | |
Xylitol is a sugar alcohol with large utilization in food industry. Nevertheless, although there are numerous studies on its production from the fermentation of hemicellulosic hydrolysates, there are few works dealing with its separation and purification. The principal aim of this work is, therefore, to develop a methodology for xylitol separation from the compounds remaining in the fermented medium, which was obtained by fermentation with Candida guilliermondii in sugar cane bagasse hydrolysate. Initially, assays were conducted with the zeolites Na86X, Baylith 415 and Baylith WE 894 in different cationic forms, which permitted us to observe a higher effectiveness of zeolites NaWE and BaWE in the xylitol adsorption, and later, the use of fixed bed columns packed with these two zeolites in different granulometries, at 30 and 50 ºC, revealed that the xylitol separation was better when 53-125 µm BaWE zeolite particles at 50 ºC were utilized. These conditions were also employed for determining the equilibrium constant of this compound using the chromatographic pulse response technique, the value obtained being equal to 1.03. The effects of temperature, superficial velocity and pulse volume/bed volume ratio (Vp/Vl) on the xylitol separation were investigated by means of statistical analysis of experiments described by a 23 factorial design, which showed that the most favorable conditions for this separation are: temperature of 80 ºC, superficial velocity of 0.5 cm.min-1 and Vp/Vl of 0.2. The use of ethanol and acetone at different concentrations as eluents enabled us to conclude, after an evaluation of their costs and of the efficiencies obtained, that ethanol at 30 % is the most suitable eluent for xylitol separation. After determining the parameters of separation in synthetic medium, tests were performed with fermented medium obtained from fermentation of sugar cane bagasse hydrolysate with Candida guilliermondii. Of the methodologies employed for detoxification of this medium, the use of ion-exchange resins proved the most effective, giving higher fermentative parameters. The separation of xylitol obtained from fermentation was evaluated by varying the number of columns and the pulse volume, the best results being attained with 2 and 3 columns of zeolite BaWE fed with a pulse volume equal to 8 % of bed volume. Although the separation efficiencies were enhanced by using 3 columns, it was observed that the amount of xylitol in the enriched fractions and its recovered amount were only slightly higher than those obtained using 2 columns (0.5 and 2.1 % higher, respectively). In addition, the 2-column system contributed to a more rapid elution of the compounds and required a lower eluent volume. It can therefore be concluded that, of the experimental systems that were evaluated, the one composed of two columns of zeolite BaWE with a bed 89 cm in total height and fed with a pulse volume equal to 8 % of bed volume, at 80 ºC and 0.5cm.min-1, led to a better xylitol separation. Under these conditions, the fraction obtained contained 97.28 % xylitol, 0.84 % arabinose, 0.82 % xylose and 0.54 % arabitol, and the efficiencies of xylitol separation from arabinose and xylose were 3.17 and 2.72 respectively (AU) | |