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| Author(s): |
Ana Zangirólame Gonçalves
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Campinas, SP. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Instituto de Biologia |
| Defense date: | 2011-02-16 |
| Examining board members: |
Gustavo Quevedo Romero;
Paulo Sergio Moreira Carvalho de Oliveira;
Luciano Freschi
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| Advisor: | Gustavo Quevedo Romero |
| Abstract | |
Many organisms live associated with Bromeliaceae plants and materials derived from these organisms (e.g., faeces and plant debris) may contribute to bromeliad nutrition. The spider Psecas chapoda (Salticidae) lives in Bromelia balansae, Ananas comosus and Aechmea distichantha (Bromelioideae) in a large geographic extent. Depending on the structure of the rosette and trichomes, these bromeliads may absorb more or less nitrogen derived from spiders. The acquisition of nitrogen may vary according to the seasons (e.g., dry vs. wet) and also due to the presence of microorganisms associated with bromeliad leaves. In this study we used physiological and isotopic methods to answer the following questions: (1) Do spiders contribute to the nutrition and growth of B. balansae, An. comosus and Ae. distichantha? (2) Which physiological responses (i.e., chlorophylls, carotenoids and soluble protein concentrations) the plants have by receiving nitrogen from spiders? (3) Is there seasonal variation in the absorption of nitrogen from spiders? (4) Do bacteria associated with B. balansae phyllosphere facilitate nutrient absorption by these plants? Our results showed that P. chapoda nutritionally improve their three host plants. However, our results indicate that this mutualism is seasonally restricted generating conditional outcomes. The interespecific variation in nitrogen acquisition occurred probably due to different performances and photosynthetic routes of each plant species. While B. balansae appear to use nitrogen for growth, Ae. distichantha apparently accumulate nitrogen for nutritional stress conditions. Additionally, we showed that plants with natural density of bacteria accumulated 57% more soluble proteins and grew 13% more than bromeliads that had their abundance of bacteria reduced with antibiotics. These results suggest for the first time that bacteria accelerate nutrient cycling in the phyllosphere and may nutritionally favor these plants (AU) | |