Bovine cloning: fetal and adult fibroblasts as nuclei donor source.

Author(s)

Marco Roberto Bourg de Mello

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ/SBD)
• Defense date: 2003-12-18

Examining board members

José Antonio Visintin; Mayra Elena Ortiz D'Avila Assumpção; Lygia da Veiga Pereira Carramaschi; Joaquim Mansano Garcia; Flavio Vieira Meirelles

• Advisor: José Antonio Visintin

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo viability of bovine nuclear transferred embryos from metaphase II oocytes and fetal and adult fibroblasts. Oocytes from ovaries collected at slaughterhouse were matured in vitro for 17 hours and enucleated after aspiration of first polar body (PB) and small volume of cytoplasm containing metaphase plate. Fibroblasts from Nelore cow and foetus collected at slaughterhouse were used as nuclei donor. In Nuclear Transfer, each nuclei donor cell, after serum starvation, was inserted under the zona pellucida of the each enucleated oocyte and the enucleated oocyte- nuclei donor cell complexes were electrofused and activated (2 pulses of 4KV/cm for 20µs). After electrical activation, the couplets were incubated in TCM199 plus 10% FCS supplemented with cycloheximide (10µg/ml) and cytochalasin D (2.5µgml) for 1 hour and cycloheximide alone for further 4 hours. The activated reconstructed embryos, as well as IVF embryos (control group), were co-cultured with granulosa cells in TCM 199 + 10% FCS for 7–9 days. After co-cultured, part of embryos (control and reconstructed) was fixed and the number of cells counted and part was transferred into recipients. A total of 668 couplets were reconstructed from fetal and 569 from adult fibroblasts. After electrofusion, 212 (fetal cells) and 181 (adult cells) embryos got fused and 32 (15.1%) and 30 (16.6%) reached blastocyst stage, respectively. The blastocyst cell number means were 129.3, 101.3 and 114.3, respectively, for fetal, adult and IVF (control) embryos. There was no significant difference (P<0.05) in the number of cells of blastocysts among the groups. After transferring 18 (fetal cells) and 21 (adult cells) blastocysts, pregnancy rates at day 90 were 16.7% (3) and 19% (4), respectively. There was no significant difference (P<0.05) between pregnancy rates. The first pregnancy from fetal cells delivered a healthy male calf at day 290, weighting 34kg. One of the remaining recipients died with hydrallantois at day 229 and the other aborted at day 252. The pregnancies of adult cells reconstructed embryos are still in course. These results indicated that fetal and adult fibroblasts could be used as nuclei donor, with similar rates of in vitro and in vivo developments. (AU)