Validation of body condition score and its impact on reproductive efficiency of Nelore (Bos indicus) cows fixed-time inseminated

Author(s)

Henderson Ayres

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ/SBD)
• Defense date: 2008-06-25

Examining board members

Pietro Sampaio Baruselli; Ed Hoffmann Madureira; Saulo da Luz e Silva

• Advisor: Pietro Sampaio Baruselli

Abstract

The present study was divided in two Chapters. The objective of the first Chapter was to determine the relationship among the variables: body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS) and back fat thickness (BFT), measured by ultrasonography. Two hundred and six Nelore cows had their BW, BCS and BFT evaluated at five different moments: M1) weaning; M2) parturition, M3) synchronization; M4) 82 days post-partum and M5) 112 days post-partum. A BCS value was attributed for each cow following a 1 to 5 points scale (MACIEL, 2006). Ultrasound images for BFT measurement were obtained using a 3.5 MHz linear transducer. Images were immediately analyzed as soon as they were formed and frozen. The relationship between BCS and BFT values was investigated by regression models. The analysis of similarity among the five obtained models was performed using the proc MIXED from SAS and the correlations among variables were analyzed with proc CORR from SAS. The BCS was able to predict BFT in Nelore cows in all different moments evaluated. Also, it was shown that BCS presented high correlation (r = 0.82 to 0.93) and relationship (R2 = 0.73 to 0.92) with BFT. However, both BCS and BFT showed poor correlation and extremely pour relationship with BW. On Chapter 2, the objective of the study was to determine the impact of BCS, BFT and BW, and their variations in that five previously cited moments, on reproductive efficiency (RE) of Nelore cows submitted to FTAI followed by exposition to clean-up bulls. Also, this work aimed to determine the moment(s) of evaluation that presented greater impact on RE. The same animals used on Chapter 1 were used here. All animals received a norgestomet ear implant (previously used for 9 days) associated to 2.0 mg of estradiol benzoate (D42). Eight days after (D50), the implants were removed and 400 IU of eCG plus PGF were administered. On the following day (D51), cows received 1.0 mg of estradiol benzoate and all animals were inseminated 56 hours after implant withdrawal (D52). Ten days after insemination females were exposed to clean-up bulls. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed 30 and 60 days post-FTAI. All animals had their BW, BCS and BFT measured using the same methods described on Chapter 1. Reproductive efficiency was evaluated considering pregnancy per AI at 82 and 112 days post-partum and cumulative pregnancy until 82 days post-partum. Binomial data were analyzed using the proc GLIMMIX from SAS, regression models were generated via Guide Data Analysis from SAS, and correlations among variables were analyzed with proc CORR from SAS. The obtained results evidenced that cows with higher BCS and BFT and greater gain of these measures during the interval weaning-partum presented better RE. However, the decreased loss of BCS and BFT between parturition and synchronization did not increase the RE. Also, BW evaluation showed poor correlation with RE. The evaluation of BCS and BFT at partum demonstrated that these parameters had great impact on RE of Nelore cows submitted to FTAI followed exposition to bulls. However, more studies are demanded in order to reaffirm the results obtained in this particular study. (AU)