Expression of VEGF and vascularization of corpus luteum in buffalos

Author(s)

Carlos Eduardo Bezerra de Moura

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ/SBD)
• Defense date: 2003-12-11

Examining board members

Paula de Carvalho Papa; Pietro Sampaio Baruselli; Wilson Machado de Souza

• Advisor: Paula de Carvalho Papa

Abstract

Corpus luteum is a temporary organ, which regulates the estrous cycle and pregnancy; it is extremely dependent on vascularization. During corpus luteum life span P4 production is associated with an increase of capillary number known as angiogenesis. The angiogenic process is modulated by many factors, including VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), which is considered the most important of them. Hyperstimulation of ovarian function, a largely spread technique employed in cattle raising, is associated with high levels of estradiol and P4, as well as an increase of capillary invasion of the new formed CL. This study intended to quantify the vascularization of normal and superovulated corpora lutea (CLL), trying to correlate this parameter with blood P4 concentrations and expression of VEGF and its receptors. For that purpose thirty buffalo cows were divided into five groups: superovulated (received 400 mg FSH divided in decreasing doses of 80 mg, 60 mg, 40 mg e 20mg 12/12h during 4 days), corpus hemorragicans (CH), mature corpus luteum (CL), regression CL (CR) e corpo albicans (CA), that received no treatment and were slaughtered at days 2, 9, 17 and 26 after ovulation. After slaughter ovaries were collected and corpora lutea prepared as follows: three animals from each group had their CLL fixed in buffered formol solution, cut into 0,5 cm pieces, dehydrated in increasing ethanol concentrations, cleared in xylene and embedded in paraffin using conventional procedures. Five µm slices were prepared for quantification of vascular density and immunolocalization of VEGF, VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2. The ovaries of the remaining animals were injected with Mercox resin through ovarian artery in order to have the microvascularization evaluated by electron scanning microscopy. Blood samples were collected and P4 measured through conventional RIE. Capillary density during CL life span was 37,78 ± 8,89; 17,8 ± 3,33; 11,9 ± 3,57; 10,83 ± 2,42 and 3,46 ± 1,66 vessels/ mm2 respectively for superovulated (CS), CH, CL, CR and CA, indicated higher vascularization (p<0,001) for superovulated group. The microvasculature showed similar behavior: the density of capillary network was higher in CLL of superovulated animals. Values of serum progesterone were significantly higher (p<0,05) for CS animals: 5,58 ± 0,97 ng/ml vs 2,02 ± 0,16 ng/ml for control animals in the same stage of estrous cycle. The VEGF system and its receptors (VEGFR-1 e VEGFR-2) were immunolocalized in CLL of buffalo cows. The immunoreactivity could be detected in endothelial and luteal cells since day two post ovulation (p.o.) until the stage of regression corpus luteum (Day 17 p.o.), with strong immunostaining at the early and midluteal phase. The immunostaining was more intense in CLL of animals submitted to superovulation. (AU)