Dynamics of toxoplasmic infection in cats infected by Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

Author(s)

Marcelo de Souza Zanutto

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ/SBD)
• Defense date: 2005-04-18

Examining board members

Mitika Kuribayashi Hagiwara; João Pessoa Araujo Junior; Solange Maria Gennari; Silvia Regina Ricci Lucas; Maria Silvia Furquim de Azevedo Morgulis

• Advisor: Mitika Kuribayashi Hagiwara

Abstract

Asymptomatic adult cats (n=7) infected with Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) clade B (Group I: FIV+TOXO+) and normal non-infected cats (n=7) (Group III: FIV-TOXO+) were inoculated, orally with cysts of Toxoplasma gondii strain P, in order to evaluate if there is a difference in dynamics of toxoplasmic infection between cats infected with FIV and naive-FIV cats. The animals were assessed by means of physical exam, T. gondii IgM and IgG antibodies by indirect immunofluorescent reaction, shedding and quantification of oocysts using sugar centrifugation, leucogram and CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes subsets using cytometry. Others two groups of cats, one of them only infected with FIV (n=7) (Group II: FIV+TOXO-) and other non-infected (n=3) (Group IV: FIV-TOXO-) composed the control groups. The shedding and quantification of oocysts were not different between the Groups I and III, respectively p=1,00 and p=0,201. The serum convertion and the period that during of values of IgM and IgG antibodies were not different, respectively p=0,535; p=0,789 and p=0,674; p=0,123. However, fever and letargy were more frequent between cats co-infected (Group I) than the group not infected with FIV (Group III), although the latter one had presented more frequently intense diarrhea than formers. Just one cat dually infected (Group I) presented autolimitant unilateral anterior uveitis. Only cats co-infected (Group I), during all period of the experiment, presented increase in number of leukocytes (p=0,047), lymphocytes (p=0,029) and CD8+ T lymphocytes subset (p=0,047) comparing to the cats only infected with T. gondii (Group III). Only in the group FIV-infected (Group II) was observed decrease in numbers of CD4+ T lymphocytes subset (p=0,031) compared to the not infected any microrganism (Group IV), showing the virus action to destroy this lymphocyte subset slowly. The CD4/CD8 lymphocyte ratio was different between the Groups I and II, FIV-infected, from Groups III and IV, FIV-naive cats, (p<0,001 e p=0,002 respectively) showing that toxoplasmic infection did not alter this parameter. The increase number of CD8+ T lymphocyte, in dually infected cats, associated with loss of CD4+ T lymphocyte caused by FIV, can contribute for the development of more severe clinical signs in cats dually infected. (AU)