Echodopplercardiographic parameters in Nelore calves produced by adult somatic cell nuclear transfer - Cloning

Author(s)

Fabio Celidonio Pogliani

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ/SBD)
• Defense date: 2010-04-16

Examining board members

Eduardo Harry Birgel Junior; Fernando José Benesi; Flavio Vieira Meirelles; Maria Angélica Miglino; Luciano Andrade Silva

• Advisor: Eduardo Harry Birgel Junior

Abstract

The present research evaluated anomalies and/or cardiac dysfunctions through the determination and comparison of echocardiographic and echodopplercardiographic parameters of pulmonary valve flow on Nelore breed calves originated from the somatic cell nuclear transfer technique (SCNTT) and from form Nelore breed calves conceived trough artificial insemination or natural mating on its first 30 days of life, with the purpose of contributing on researches on the cloning technique field and on the bovine neonatal clinic development. The experimental design involved heart echocadiographic evaluation and the pulmanary valve echodopplercardiographic evaluation on the following intervals: 0 to 12 hours after birth, 12 to 24 hours after birth, 1 to 2 days old, 2 to 4 days old, 4 to 7 days old, 7 to 10 days old, 10 to 15 days old, 15 to 20 days old and 20 to 30 days old. Calves were allocated in two experimental groups: 1- Control Group composed of 10 calves conceived through artificial insemination and natural mating and 2- Clone Group composed of 10 calves originated from SCNTT. The echocardiographic parameters and indices were: systolic left and right atrium diameters, systolic and diastolic internal diameter, interventricle septum thickness during the systolic and diastolic movement, systolic and diastolic left ventricle internal diameter, left ventricle free wall during systolic and diastolic movement, diastolic aorta diameter, systolic left atrium and aortic root ratio, left ventricle ejection timing, E-point septal separation, fractional shortening, ejection fraction, systolic volume, diastolic volume, ejection volume, systolic interventricle septum and systolic left ventricle ratio. The pulmonary valve flow evaluation was performed through the measurement of the maximum velocity, the average velocity, ejection time, acceleration time, velocity integral, systolic volume, cardiac debit and cardiac frequency. 3 from 10 clones died up to 48 hours after birth, presented congenital concentric ventricle hipertrophy, interatrial communication due to non occlusive oval foramen and pulmonary artery hypertension. The living clones presented colored flow through the interatrial communication until 10 days old while animals from Control Group presented it until 7 days old. Animals´ body weight and thoracic perimeter showed high correlation. The echocardiographic values determined for Control Group are not supposed to be used as reference for clones, because body weight causes great variation on these values and clones present much bigger body weight than what is normal for the species. (AU)