Full text
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| Author(s): |
Kelly Justin da Silva
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Piracicaba. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALA/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2010-07-05 |
| Examining board members: |
Marcio Rodrigues Lambais;
Fernando Dini Andreote;
Vivian Helena Pellizari
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| Advisor: | Marcio Rodrigues Lambais |
| Abstract | |
Podzolic soil formation involves the migration of organometallic complexes along the soil profile, the so called podzolization process. In Brazil, podzols are observed mainly in the coastal plains and north Amazonia. Well-drained podzols often show organic matter depleted bleached mottles in deeper horizons, and it has been suggested that development of these mottles is due to the selective degradation of the organic matter by soil microorganisms. However, the microorganisms involved in this process are not known. The goal of the present study is to compare the Bacteria and Archaea community structures and diversity in bleached mottles and their immediate vicinity in different podzolic soil profiles. Three podzolic soil profiles, located in Bertioga (BT) and Ilha Comprida (IC1 and IC2), São Paulo State, were studied. In each profile, samples were taken from the characteristic horizons, and from bleached mottles (M) and their immediate vicinity (S) in the deeper horizons. Chemical attributes of the soil samples, as well as Bacteria and Archaea community structure using PCR-DGGE and partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene were evaluated. The Podzols were characterized as very acidic and distrophic. The analysis of the prokaryotic communities using PCR-DGGE showed distinct communities of Bacteria and Archaea along the soil profiles studied. However, only the bacterial community structures in the bleached mottles showed statistically significant differences from the communities in their immediate vicinity. Based on the analyses of 16S rRNA gene clone libraries, the bacterial communities from the three soil profiles evaluated showed lower levels of diversity in the bleached mottles, as compared to their immediate vicinities, suggesting the occurrence of selection of specific microorganisms. In the bleached mottles of the BT profile, OTUs assigned to Proteobacteria were the most abundant, with predominance of OTUs phylogenetically associated with Pseudomonas, whereas in the IC profiles, OTUs phylogenetically related to Acidobacteria predominate in the bleached mottles. Pseudomonas and Acidobacteria are known for their high metabolic capabilities and may be involved in the selective degradation of the organic matter during the development of the bleached mottles. Archaeal clone library sequencing showed the predominance of Crenarchaeota in the bleached mottles as well as in their immediate vicinity. No statistically significant differences between the archaeal community structure in the bleached mottles and their vicinities were observed in the soil profiles studied. However, the archaeal communities in BT and IC were significantly different. In conclusion, this study showed that Pseudomonas and Acidobacteria may be involved in the development of bleached mottles in Podzols, and that the selection of specific bacterial groups in the bleached mottles may depend on specific edaphic conditions. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 08/03230-9 - Bacterial and Archaeal diversity in Espodossolos in São Paulo coast. |
| Grantee: | Kelly Justin da Silva |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |