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| Author(s): |
Peterson Ricardo Fiorio
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Piracicaba. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALA/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2002-07-11 |
| Examining board members: |
Jose Alexandre Melo Dematte;
Jose Marques Junior;
Jairo Antonio Mazza;
Márcio de Morisson Valeriano;
Pablo Vidal Torrado
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| Advisor: | Jose Alexandre Melo Dematte |
| Abstract | |
The agricultural areas are becoming more and more technified, where the knowledge of the physical, chemical and mineralogical characteristics of soils becomes indispensable to maximize crop productivity. Brazil possesses a great territorial extension, and most of the areas do not possess soil maps compatible with the agricultural needs. Modern technological improvements signal the necessity of supplying data to soil research, especially those areas regarding soil survey, with the objective of turning soil survey more agile and economic. The following objectives were traced: characterize the spectral behavior of soils in field, laboratory and orbital levels; correlate the alterations of soils along toposequences with the spectral character; verify the discrimination of mapping units and quantify attributes of the soils through their spectral responses; evaluate the practical efficiency of the technique. The work was done in Barra Bonita, SP, where Oxisol, Alfisol, Inceptisol e Ultisol with textures of sandy to very loamy dominate. In the study area, samples were taken following a 100 x 100 m grid. All the points were georeferenced and soil samples were obtained in the depths 0-20 and 80-100 cm. The soil samples were taken to the laboratory for physical and chemical analyses. After that, the spectral data were obtained using a spectroradiometer in laboratory, field and orbital levels. A detailed soil maps was done by the conventional method, including the characterization of profiles. Through the spectral data obtained in the orbital and laboratory levels, discriminant equations were generated for the soils and linear equations of multiple regression for several attributes of the soil. The soil attributes were compared with values quantified by the equations and values determined in laboratory analyses to verify the accuracy of the spectral data and the variability of the methodology proposal. As the soils modifications occur along a toposequence, the spectral behavior detected by the sensors becomes different. The descriptive analysis of the spectral curves described in literature supplies few details of soil discrimination. It is possible to discriminate soils by terrestrial and orbital sensors with 81 and 40% of success, respectively. The estimation of the iron content by terrestrial and orbital sensors aids in the classification of soils. It is possible to quantify attributes of the soil as sand, clay and iron using a sensor in the laboratory, and, with smaller accuracy by orbital sensors. (AU) | |