Full text
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| Author(s): |
Luciana Marino e Biscaro
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Piracicaba. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALA/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2009-10-16 |
| Examining board members: |
Solange Guidolin Canniatti Brazaca;
Severino Matias de Alencar;
Valter Arthur
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| Advisor: | Solange Guidolin Canniatti Brazaca |
| Abstract | |
The soybean is a vegetable with high nutricional value, mainly due to its high protein content. Among the culture of grains, the soybeam is the most important in Brazil, what represents a greater incentive for the consumption of this food. However, a great claim of occidental consumer is its characteristic odor and flavor, known as beany flavor, which is provided by the action of lipoxigenase enzyme. The catalytic action exerted by this type of isoenzime on pollyunsaturated fatty acids, linolenic and linoleic acid of the soy grains, is one of the main factors responsible for the appearance of the carbonyl compounds, which cause the unpleasant flavor in grains. To enhance the organoleptic characteristics of soybeans, researchers have developed new cultivars, without the presence of lipoxigenase. The objective of this study was tof evaluate physical, chemical and sensorial differences between the two soy cultivar, with and without lipoxygenases (cultivars BRS 232 and BRS 257, of Embrapa, respectively) and to analyze the possible changes promoted by different radiation doses (0, 4 and 8 kGy) in raw and cooked soybean grains. The physical analyses were: time of cooking and hydration of the grains. The chemical analyses were: centesimal composition, protein digestibility, antinutritional factors, isoflavone content and antioxidant capacity (DPPH and ABTS). The sensory aspects were determined by sensorial analysis performed by appling analytical methods of differentiation for selection of panelists, and descriptive method to determine the quality of the soybean. At the end, factorial statistical analysis was performed 3x2x2 (irradiation doses X cultivars x treatment) for analysis, comparison and discussion of the obtained results. The results showed differences in physical analyses with the irradiation and between the two cultivars. Besides, the cultivars presented differences in the centesimal composition, digestibility fenolic content, isoflavone content and tripsin inhibitor. Cooking promoted difference in all the studied components, except for the proteic digestibility of the grains. On the other hand, the irradiation affected the antinutritional contents, the proteic digestibility and the content of aglicone isoflavones. Data from sensory analysis showed that the taste and the texture of the samples didn\'t differ between the cultivars and were not affected by the irradiation. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 07/06884-7 - Effect of gamma irradiation and cooking on physical, chemical and sensorial aspects in soybeans cultivars with and without lipoxigens. |
| Grantee: | Luciana Marino e Biscaro |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |