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| Author(s): |
Patricia Cristina Corazza Martinez
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Piracicaba. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALA/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2011-10-18 |
| Examining board members: |
Solange Guidolin Canniatti Brazaca;
Valter Arthur;
Giuseppina Pace Pereira Lima
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| Advisor: | Solange Guidolin Canniatti Brazaca |
| Abstract | |
Beans are an important source of protein, starch, vitamins, minerals and fiber in the Brazilian diet. The protein digestibility and mineral bioavailability, however, may be affected by the presence of anti-nutritional factors. Currently, germination has been used as an alternative for the removal or inactivation of these components, thus improving nutritional qualities of beans. This study aimed to study the effect of gamma irradiation and germination on the nutritional aspects of beans. The carioca bean variety was used, cultivar pérola, obtained from producers of Goiás state Brazil. The grains were irradiated in a Cobalt60 source, Gammacell type, at a dose rate of 0.456 kGy/ hour and soon after, they were germinated in room temperature and light during 72 and 96 hours. Then, the samples were frozen and lyophilized. The centesimal composition indicated that germination caused an increase in moisture, protein and soluble and insoluble fiber. However, it showed a decrease in ash, lipids and carbohydrates contents. Irradiation did not influence concentrations of the chemical composition of the samples. Microbiological tests of the sample germinated in 72 and 96 showed growth of coliforms, below acceptable levels. Salmonella and fecal coliforms in the samples showed no growth. The sensory analysis showed low rejection of the germinated beans. The phytic acid showed a reduction in its content after germination, but not significantly compared to the control sample. The amounts of tannins, after germination in 72 hours, were not detected in the samples. A reduction in trypsin inhibitor content and total phenolic content between samples was observed with the effect of germination. In the germinated plants, the hemagglutinin content decreased and digestibility increased. Flavonoids were not detected in any sample. Chlorophyll and total carotenoids showed an increase after seed germination. The highest antioxidant activity was found for the beans germinated in 96 hours being 78% and 33% for ABTS and DPPH methods, respectively. The mineral composition was not affected by irradiation treatment, but the germination process was. The in vitro availability of iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc, in spite of the germination and irradiation, the control bean did not show a significant difference in the samples germinated was no increase in values. The availability of magnesium decreased with the germination process. After germination was increased the levels of riboflavin and vitamin B6, but decreased the amount of thiamin. The irradiation process did not compromise the nutritional value of vitamins in the beans. Thus, we conclude that germination improves the nutritional quality of the grain should be nurtured their consumption in the Brasilian diet. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 09/06983-0 - EFFECTS OF GAMMA RADIATION AND THE PROCESS OF GERMINATION ON SOME FEATURES OF NUTRITION bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). |
| Grantee: | Patricia Cristina Corazza Martinez |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |