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| Author(s): |
Janaina Castania
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Ribeirão Preto. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2009-08-14 |
| Examining board members: |
Angela Maria Magosso Takayanagui;
Susana Segura Muñoz;
Eny Maria Vieira
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| Advisor: | Angela Maria Magosso Takayanagui |
| Abstract | |
Water is an essential element to life but can bring risks to human health if consumed with improper quality. Children are the most affected group with problems resulting from ingestion of contaminated water due to their vulnerability regarding to the immaturity of their immune system. In this context there is important a survey of water quality for consumption in schools once the school is an important environment which the child inserts. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of water consumed by children from Ribeirão Preto-SP, considering their quality in relation to physical, chemical and microbiological tests, as well as identifying possible risks related to water as a route of transmission of enteropathogens, and offer subsidies to health authorities as regards the control of water quality used by schoolchildren. Were analyzed samples from the entry taps, water drinker and kitchens of 20 municipal public primary schools in Ribeirão Preto - SP, being, 8 kindergartens and 12 schools from child education in two phases in the year 2008, the first of may to july and the second from september to december. Were performed physical and chemical analysis to determine levels of turbidity, pH, chlorine, nitrate and fluoride, and microbiological analysis for determination of total and fecal coliforms, taking as parameter the Ordinance MS n º 518/04 and Resolution (SP) SS -65/05 for fluoride. The results showed that all samples are presented in accordance with the law for the turbidity, nitrate, total and fecal coliforms parameters. The pH values of samples from five institutions (the first phase) and from four institutions (in the second phase) were lower than recommended by national legislation. For the chlorine, 15% of samples in the first phase of data collection, and 1.66% in the second phase showed values outside the standards set by national legislation. For fluoride, all samples showed values outside the standards set by resolution. Statistical analysis for turbidity, pH, nitrate and fluoride parameters, revealed no significant differences (p> 0.05) in samples collected from different points of the two phases. For chlorine, it was observed that for both the first and for the second phase of data collection, significant difference (p <0.05) compared samples of water from taps with drinkers and taps with kitchens. No statistical difference was observed comparing the samples collected from the kitchens with water drinker. The results pointed that corrective actions are needed at all stages of population water supply in addition to monitoring and control of water quality for human consumption, both by those responsible for the supply, as the health authorities. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 07/06362-0 - Quality of water supplied for human consumption in municipal public primary schools in Ribeirão Preto-SP |
| Grantee: | Janaína Castania |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |