Role of ATP in the immune response to blood-stage Plasmodium chabaudi malaria.

Author(s)

Érika Machado de Salles

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB/SDI)
• Defense date: 2011-11-04

Examining board members

Maria Regina D'Imperio Lima; Érika Martins Braga; Patricia Castelucci

• Advisor: Maria Regina D'Imperio Lima

Abstract

It is estimated that malaria accounts for one million deaths annually, affecting mainly children. The immune system participates in both the protection against infection by the plasmodium, as in the development of the syndromes associated with malaria (anemia, cerebral malaria, metabolic acidosis and systemic shock). Recently, it has been shown that innate immune is able to detect signals released by damaged cells or tissues as ATP and uric acid. These danger signals appear to be important to promote the regulation of inflammation after trauma or injuries caused by pathogens. However, the physiological relevance of these signals in the immune response and its mechanism of action remain unclear. In malaria, it is likely that ATP is released upon rupture of erythrocytes, vascular endothelial cells damaged or dead cells of the immune system activation. In this study we evaluated the role of ATP in the activation of the immune system and the development of disease during infection with P. chabaudi. Our results suggest that ATP concentration serum and permeabilization of blood lymphocytes is higher after the rupture of erythrocytes. During infection T cells and dendritic cells have a heightened ability to respond to ATP which is partly dependent on P2X7R. Moreover, the presence of functional purinergic receptors appears to be important for the initial phase of the immune response to P. chabaudi. The pharmacological inhibition of the receptor reduced the number of cells, liver damage and IFN-<font face=\"Symbol\">g, thus the use of the P2X7 receptor antagonists could be beneficial in solving problems caused by the sharp increase in the immune system. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 09/06652-4 - The role of ATP during the immune system activation and protection against Plasmodium chabaudi and Plasmodium berghei infection
• Grantee: Érika Machado de Salles
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master