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| Author(s): |
Mariana Matera Veras
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina (FM/SBD) |
| Defense date: | 2008-09-01 |
| Examining board members: |
Marisa Dolhnikoff;
Silvia Berlanga de Moraes Barros;
Maria Lucia Zaidan Dagli;
Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva;
Aureo Tatsumi Yamada
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| Advisor: | Marisa Dolhnikoff |
| Abstract | |
Air pollution is an important environmental health risk factor for many different gestational and reproductive negative outcomes. In this study we have investigated the effects of two different timing of exposure (before conception and during pregnancy) to urban ambient particulate matter on reproductive and pregnancy outcomes in mice. Using exposure chambers receiving filtered (F) and non-filtered (NF) we observed that exposed females presented changes in the length of estrus cycle, extended estrus and antral follicles number declined by 36% (P=0.04) in mice exposed to non filtered air (75±35.2) compared to mice exposed to filtered air(118.6 ±18.4). Our results further indicate a significant increase in time necessary to mating and decreased fertility and pregnancy indices (P=0.003) in NF couples. Mean postimplantation loss (PIL) rate was increased by 70% (P0.005) in the group exposed before and during pregnancy to non-filtered air when compared to the group exposed before and during pregnancy to filtered air. Fetal weight (FW) was significantly higher in group exposed during both periods to filtered air when compared to other groups exposed before and/or during pregnancy to non filtered air. FW and PIL mean rate were influenced by both pre-gestational (p<0.01) and gestational (p<0.01) period exposure. Maternal pre-gestational and the first stage of pregnancy exposure are critical to increased risk for low birth weight in mice. We also found that gestational exposure to non-filtered air was associated with reduced volumes, calibres and surface areas of maternal blood spaces and with greater fetal capillary surfaces and diffusive conductances of the placenta. Umbilical cord morphology was also altered. This study demonstrated that exposure to ambient levels of urban traffic generated particulate matter negatively affects different functions and stages of the reproductive process. Our results also indicate that maternal exposure to air pollution is linked to negative pregnancy outcomes even if maternal exposure occurs only before conception (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 05/54857-3 - Evaluation of the effects of air pollution in the city of São Paulo on placentas of animals exposed in different phases of gestation: study of gestation, immunohistochemical and morphometric study of the alterations |
| Grantee: | Mariana Matera Veras |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |