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| Author(s): |
Antonio Sampaio Baptista
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Piracicaba. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA/STB) |
| Defense date: | 2005-04-12 |
| Examining board members: |
Adibe Luiz Abdalla;
Maria Antonia Calori Domingues;
Homero Fonseca;
Jorge Horii;
Julio Marcos Melges Walder
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| Advisor: | Adibe Luiz Abdalla |
| Abstract | |
The capacity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, from two Strain, to reduce aflatoxicosis and the effect of yeast cells on tritium-labeled B1 aflatoxin (AFB13H) were investigated in three distinct studies. The effects of S. cerevisiae Y1026 and Y904 strains and diets amended with amino acids on the reduction of aflatoxicosis in Wistar rats were evaluated in the first study. A completely randomized block-designed bioassay with Wistar rats was conducted to evaluate seven formulations (Treatments), which consisted of an aflatoxin-free formulation and six formulations with 400 g kg-1 of aflatoxins. Of these, three formulations had the yeast strain Y1026 (at 0.5, 1.0 and 5.0%) and two had the strain Y904 (at 1% and 1%+1000ppm of methionine + 1000 ppm of cysteine). No statistical differences were observed for the food consumption, weights of the body organs, feed conversion and liver function between the animals fed the different treatments. Histopathological analysis revealed that animals fed aflatoxins diet without yeast cells had liver damage caused by the toxins and those that were fed aflatoxin-diet amended with yeast cells had less liver tissue damage. Therefore, the results obtained suggested that the presence of either yeast strain in the formulations caused a reduction in aflatoxicosis. The second study was conducted to investigate the effect of different dosages of the yeast strain Y1026 on the control of aflatoxicosis in rats. The bioassay was conducted with rats randomly placed in individual cages and fed seven different diets (7 treatments) for 60 days. These were an aflatoxin-free formulation and six others containing aflatoxins at 550 g kg-1, of which five had the yeast strain Y1026 (concentrations at 0.2; 0.5; 1.0; 2.0 and 5%). Feed conversion, liver functions indexes and liver tissue parameters were evaluated. The activity of the liver enzymes was greater in animals that fed the toxin-free diet when compared to other animals. Histopathological analysis showed that animals fed aflatoxin containing diets with and without 0.2 or 0.5% yeast cells showed clear signs of hepatotoxicity, while animals that were fed diets with higher concentrations of yeast cells had less liver tissue damage. The concentration of the yeast cells (Y1026) used in the formulations was correlated with the reduction of aflatoxicosis in Wistar rats. The third study fed Wistar rats an aflatoxin-free diet and diets with aflatoxins (at 500 g kg 1) and aflatoxin amended with a 1% concentration of the yeast strains Y1026 or Y904. In this study, six animals from each group fed the aflatoxin-diets were transferred to metabolic cages and received a single oral dose of AFB13H at 2Ci/animal. Three animals of each treatment were kept at the initial conditions and their liver tissues were used for histopathological analysis. Radiation levels in the animals were monitored at 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h after receiving the labeled aflatoxin. Animals fed diets with active yeast cells had absorption, distribution and excretion levels of the labeled toxin different than those that did not receive the probiotic. Histopathological analysis showed that animals fed diets with yeast cells had less liver tissue damage while those fed the aflatoxin-diet had significantly higher liver damage. Therefore, these results indicate that active yeast cells have the ability to reduce aflatoxicosis and modify the absorption, distribution and excretion of radioactivity from AFB13H in Wistar rats. (AU) | |