Study of form, function and gene expression in neuroscience

Author(s)

Mauro Miazaki

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: São Carlos.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Física de São Carlos (IFSC/BT)
• Defense date: 2012-05-21

Examining board members

Luciano da Fontoura Costa; Adriano Defini Andricopulo; André Carlos Ponce de Leon Ferreira de Carvalho; Antonio Carlos Roque da Silva Filho; Ricardo da Silva Torres

• Advisor: Luciano da Fontoura Costa; Sergei Taraskin

Abstract

During the development of a neuron, genes are turned on and off, the anatomy is shaped and the functionality emerges. These three components influence each other continuously. The study of form, function and gene expression in neurons and brain is still challenging and has many issues yet to be explored. In this context, an important question yet to be answered is how to quantify the inter-relationship between form, function and gene expression. In this way, we developed activities involving characterization and comparison of the neuronal form, the study of dynamical processes occurring in networks of branching structures, and the comparison between gene expressions. The data of the public database NeuroMorpho, which comprise almost 6,000 segmented neurons, were characterized using statistical methods and were analyzed by the concept of McGhee\'s morphospace. Another public database that was explored was the Mouse Allen Brain Atlas, with images of gene expression of mouse brains. We proposed to use a method based on Voronoi diagrams to compare the spatial distribution of the gene expression densities between genes, in order to find correlations in the distribution. We also generated data on bean roots to study the influence of their branched structures in the dynamics of disease spread, following the SIR model (Susceptible-Infected-Recovered). Integrating the previous developments, we proposed a framework to measure the gene expression influence through the biological scale. This framework allows the measurement of the gene expression (molecular scale) influence in the morphology of the neurons (cellular scale), advancing towards the topological scale formed by the synaptic connections, and reaching the functional level of the dynamics over this network. In this context, it is worth to note that the gene expression influence is direct on the morphology and indirect on the topology and dynamics. The obtained information through the framework is important on the investigation of how the gene expression influences the whole process, since the individual neuron to the cerebral functioning. The proposed framework yields a systematic methodology with a toolbox to carry out these analyses. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 07/50988-1 - Study of form, function and gene expression in neuroscience
• Grantee: Mauro Miazaki
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate