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| Author(s): |
Celí Hirata
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas (FFLCH/SBD) |
| Defense date: | 2012-08-31 |
| Examining board members: |
Luís César Guimarães Oliva;
Marilena de Souza Chaui;
Tessa Moura Lacerda;
Vivianne de Castilho Moreira;
Silvana de Souza Ramos
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| Advisor: | Luís César Guimarães Oliva |
| Abstract | |
The aim of this thesis is to examine the relationship between the Hobbesian doctrine of causality and the principle of sufficient reason in Leibniz, indicating the closeness and distance between them. If, on the one hand, the German philosopher is clearly influenced by Hobbes in the formulation of his principle, on the other hand is through this very principle that he criticizes some of the most decisive aspects of the philosophy of Hobbes, as his materialism, necessitarianism, as well his conception of divine justice and his thesis that God can not be known by natural light. In some texts of his youth, Leibniz proves that nothing is without reason by means of the identification of the sufficient reason with the totality of all requisites, demonstration that almost reproduces that one by which Hobbes argues that every effect has a necessary cause. However, in opposition to Hobbes, that reduces the reality to bodies in motion, Leibniz uses the concept of sufficient reason to demonstrate that only an incorporeal principle can provide body with movement. It is also through the principle of sufficient reason and its distinction from the principle of contradiction that Leibniz argues that events in the world are not absolutely necessary, but contingent. Finally, it is using this principle that the author of the Theodicy argues that God can be known by natural reason and that divine justice consists in his goodness guided by wisdom, in contrast to the Hobbesian definition of justice based on power. So, if Leibniz appropriates certain elements of the Hobbesian doctrine of causation is in order to submit the mechanical efficient causality defended by Hobbes to an essentially teleological determination of the reality. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 08/05596-0 - Physics and Metaphysics: the principle of suficient reason by Leibniz |
| Grantee: | Celi Hirata |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |