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| Author(s): |
Daniel dos Santos Pereira
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas (FFLCH/SBD) |
| Defense date: | 2012-01-19 |
| Examining board members: |
Celia Regina de Gouveia Souza;
Gustavo Armani;
Emerson Galvani
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| Advisor: | Celia Regina de Gouveia Souza |
| Abstract | |
Bertioga has all kinds of Quaternary Geomorphological-Geological units (UQs) that can be found in the rest of the coast paulista, embedded in a small coastal plain. Given the paucity of studies that incorporate the attributes of the hydrological landscape, the aim of this study was to analyze the dynamics of atmospheric water, groundwater and surfacewater of the Guaratuba River Basin, with the bias of the spatial distribution UQs from a series of 24 month-monitoring between July/2009 and August/2011. Therefore, were analyzed the following hydrological components: (a) atmospheric - by analyzing the distribution of rainfall, temperature and relative humidity, to characterize the climatic water balance (BHC) basin, (b) underground, from variability of groundwater level, (c) surface by means of morphometric analysis of UQs. The results were treated in the light of analysis of the synoptic systems operating in the rainfall and temperature monitoring period and the time series (the 1960s to 1990s). It was identified a positive trend in the rainfall distribution, from the beach to the low slope of Serra do Mar, characterizing the orographic effect. Attention has been drawn to the occurrence of very wet winters in 2009 and 2010, unlike 2011 and the historical series trends. In this sense, one cannot rule out the influence of mesoscale phenomena such as ENSO (El Niño and Southern Oscillation). Between 2009 and mid-2010 El Niño has happened, followed by La Niña, from June/2010 to the current date (beginning of the decay in May/2011, according to data from INPE). The rates are similar to those from the year 1990, when high rainfall also occurred during the winter and El Niño happened. The temperature and relative humidity ranged from a more marked way between natural and disturbed areas, although they have been performing relatively high throughout the monitoring period, compared to the averages for the region. The BHC normal (series) had only water deficit in August, with every other month featuring over water. Since the BHC sequential (monitoring period) alternated between high water surpluses and months of drought, as occurred in April and May/2010 and May and June/2011. Therefore a migration of the dry period from August to April/ June seems to have happened between these two series. The deeper coastal plain groundwater levels (NA) occur in oldest and with highest topography (Pleistocene marine terraces and river) UQs, located except when there is local spodic B horizon interference, which regulates the depth of the (NA) and can make it higher or temporarily suspended. The shallowest ones (outcrop and under outcrop) are in the lagoon-estuarine paleodepressions the current Holocene, located in the central portion of the basin. The vertical oscillation of the NA over time was positively correlated with the monthly variation of BHC sequence, showing that the system is in relative balance. (AU) | |