Genetic diversity of cará-do-ar (Dioscorea bulbifera L.) originated from traditional agriculture using microsatellite markers

Author(s)

Danielle Muniz da Silva

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: Piracicaba.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALA/BC)
• Defense date: 2013-02-05

Examining board members

Elizabeth Ann Veasey; Giancarlo Conde Xavier Oliveira; Marcos Vinicius Bohrer Monteiro Siqueira

• Advisor: Elizabeth Ann Veasey

Abstract

Dioscorea is the largest genus of Dioscoreaceae family and has a wide variety of species of economic interesting, for their edible and medicinal properties. This study aimed to characterize, by microsatellite markers, the genetic diversity of 42 local varieties obtained from the ex situ germplasm collection belonging do ESALQ/USP, originating from São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Pernambuco, Piauí, Mato Grosso and Goiás. For this characterization we developed an enriched genomic library for D. bulbifera, since there were no primers specific for this species. We also tested 17 heterologous primers, developed for other Dioscorea species for cross-amplification. This enriched genomic library resulted in seven primers, six of them polymorphic. The cross-amplification resulted in 10 positive amplifications, all polymorphic primers. Therefore, the genetic analysis was conducted with a total of 17 primers. Data was analyzed as binary data (presence and absence of bands), being a polyploidy species. A total of 63 alleles (bands) were found, with an average of 3.7 alleles per locus. The Shannon index ranged between 0.18 and 0.68, the discrimination power (D) between 0.70 and 0.97, and the expected heterozygosity from 0.08 to 0.49. Both principal coordinate and cluster analysis, using the Jaccard index, indicated no separation among the accessions according to their origin. Although no spatial structure was observed among the accessions, this study demonstrated high genetic diversity in D. bulbifera maintained by traditional farmers in Brazil, which probably can be explained by the exchanging of materials among farmers. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 10/04655-3 - Genetic diversity of aerial yam (Dioscorea bulbifera) originated from traditional agriculture households assessed with microsatellite markers
• Grantee: Danielle Muniz da Silva
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master