Evaluation of metabolic route as trypanocidal action mechanism of Lignan-Lactones

Author(s)

Juliana Saraiva

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: Ribeirão Preto.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC)
• Defense date: 2007-04-02

Examining board members

Sergio de Albuquerque; Jairo Kenupp Bastos; Carlos Curti; Gutemberg de Melo Rocha; Joao Aristeu da Rosa

• Advisor: Sergio de Albuquerque

Abstract

In this work the compounds methylpluviatolide (1), matairesinol (7), hinokinin (11), cubebin (17) and its derivatives bearing some structural modifications were submitted to in vitro trypanocidal and citotoxic assays. The compounds do not show significant citotoxicity for the LLC-MK2 cells used. In the in vitro trypanocidal assays, the compounds more active against the different strains and forms of T. cruzi were the dimethoxymorelensin (8) and hinokinin (11). These compounds and cubebin (17) were submitted to in vivo trypanocidal assay. The compounds display significant modifications on the experimental chagasic infection. However, for both strains, Y and BOL, only the 8 displayed similar effect of the benznidazole. The BOL strain was more resistant than Y strain to treatment with 11 and 17. Some metabolic routes were evaluated as compounds action mechanism. The compounds do not showed inhibitory activity under enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) of Trypanosoma cruzi, they do not induced the production of H2O2 and others peroxides and also do not induced the nitric oxide production, instead some compounds decrease this production. On the other hand, they showed inhibitory effect under the cellular respiration and the enzyme iron superoxide dismutase (Fe-SOD) of Trypanosoma cruzi. In addition, it was demonstrated that on system cells free, the compounds do not showed free radicals scavenger activity and that the treatment with the compound 8, evaluated in electron microscopy, display nuclear alterations on epimastigotes forms, suggesting an inhibitory effect on T. cruzi DNA and RNA biosynthesis. In conclusion, the compounds trypanocidal activity is promising and the production of H2O2 and others peroxides, the activity under enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) of Trypanosoma cruzi, and the induction of nitric oxide production seem do not be involved in the trypanocidal and citotoxity activity of these group of compounds. The inhibitory effect under cellular respiration seems to be contributing for trypanocidal activity and may be involved on its citotoxic mechanism. Moreover, the inhibitory effect under the enzyme iron superoxide dismutase (Fe-SOD) of Trypanosoma cruzi seems to be the main mechanism involved on trypanocidal activity of these compounds. (AU)