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| Author(s): |
Andre Oliveira Sawakuchi
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Geociências (IG/BT) |
| Defense date: | 2006-09-29 |
| Examining board members: |
Paulo Cesar Fonseca Giannini;
Rodolfo José Angulo;
Mario Luis Assine;
Luiz Jose Tomazelli;
Jorge Kazuo Yamamoto
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| Advisor: | Paulo Cesar Fonseca Giannini |
| Abstract | |
This study deals with the relation between coastal eolian system dynamics and variables acting on the coastal zone. These variables include rain and wind regime, tidal range, coastal physiography and sedimentary supply. The knowledge of the relation between variables responsible for eolian system dynamics and their products is of large importance for the interpretation and description of ancient eolian sediments. Furthermore, the understanding of coastal eolian system dynamics would allow the construction of depositional system models with general and deductive character. This work is divided in six chapters. Chapter one shows the concepts of complexity, non-uniformity and discontinuity which may be considered in the study of depositional systems. The main point of this chapter is the random behavior of sedimentary processes which supports a probabilistic model for depositional systems. Chapter two presents a brief revision of eolian depositional systems. Chapter three comprises statistical analyzes of geographic distribution and morphometric properties of Quaternary dunefields of the Brazilian coast. These analyzes were based on satellite images data and the main objective was to verify the influence of tidal range, coastal phisiography, wind and rain regime and coastal sedimentary supply on the development and morphology of dunefields. An important conclusion is that the development, size and morphology of dunefields are more associated with coastal phisiography and sedimentary supply than with climatic factors. Chapter four presents the simulation of a conceptual coastal eolian system model. Simulations allow to analyze the eolian system dynamics with a more analytical approach. The simulations showed that dunefield growth and coastline migration are more sensitive to coastal sedimentary supply than to other variables, like wind velocity and frequency of rain occurrence. This is in agreement with conclusions derived from analyzes of morphometric properties and geographic distribution of dunefields (chapter three). The coastline behavior may be very important to dunefield evolution. Stable or transgressive coastline favor the sand supply to the dunefield while regressive coastline dilutes the eolian sand supply. Therefore, dunefield maintenance and growth are favored by transgressive or stable coastline. The increasing of rain frequency can induce coastline stability under some conditions. Thus, there is a complex relation between climate and coastal eolian sedimentation. Chapters five and six present examples of how the concepts about dunefields dynamics, derived from chapters three and four, can be used to interpret ancient eolian deposits and to understanding the heterogeneities of eolian hydrocarbon reservoirs. This work attempts to demonstrate that for better comprehension of the sedimentary record it is necessary to study how depositional systems behave. The understanding of depositional system dynamics permits a more deductive description and interpretation of the sedimentary record. The relation between climate and coastal dunefield growth disagree with conclusions from common sense whose knowledge is provided by short time observations of active depositional systems. In this context, simulation is a powerful tool to study depositional systems since it allows to analyze depositional systems behavior in their real and long time span. (AU) | |