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| Author(s): |
Milene Fornari
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Geociências (IG/BT) |
| Defense date: | 2010-12-14 |
| Examining board members: |
Paulo Cesar Fonseca Giannini;
Juliana de Moraes Leme Basso;
Valdenir Veronese Furtado;
Luiz Carlos Ruiz Pessenda;
Andre Oliveira Sawakuchi
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| Advisor: | Paulo Cesar Fonseca Giannini |
| Abstract | |
The aims of this thesis is to identify the morphological features and understand the facies succession of the Holocene backbarrier in the Jaguaruna-Laguna region (Santa Catarina, Brazil). This backbarrier is formed by four geographic sectors, from SW to NE: Garopaba do Sul, Camacho, Rio do Meio and Campos Verdes. Regarding the geomorphological context, the sector of Garopaba do Sul differs from the others by the existence of a Pleistocene marine terrace, which is partly covered by paleodunes (generation 2) pre-maximum Holocene relative sea level (RSL), and by the presence of a residual lake of the lagoon system (Laranjal Lake). The depositional facies succession shows radiocarbon ages between 5560 and 2190 cal yr BP, being characterized by three facies associations: lagoonal, tidal flat and aeolian. The backbarrier of Camacho is sited beside the narrowest part of the barrier. Its main morphologic features are flood tidal paleodeltas associated with the migration of the Camacho inlet toward NE. Four facies associations were defined in this sector, with ages between 8185 and 2165 cal yr BP: inlet, flood-tidal delta, tidal plain and aeolian. At Rio do Meio, the backbarrier consists in an tidal flat separating the Camacho lagoon (SW) from the Santa Marta lagoon (NE).This plain is located rearward from Ponta do Ilhote Pequeno and Cabo de Santa Marta, where it was originated from the formation of a tombolo separating the two lagoons. It is also the sector with greater influence of Tubarão river deltaic front. Three facies associations were recognized: tombolo, lagoonal and tidal flat. The \'ANTPOT.14 C\' ages obtained in lagoonal deposits vary between 5570 and 1850 cal yr BP. In Campos Verdes, the backbarrier is formed by sets of beach ridges alignments, oriented transversal to the coastline and separated from each other by concave-convex truncations. Part of the ridges are superposed by several inactive parabolic dune-fields, attributed to the aeolian generation 3 (post maximum Holocene flooding).This sector is formed by three facies association: lagoon spit, beach ridges and aeolian dunes. The multi-proxy analysis of the set of results enabled the differentiation of three evolutionary phases in the backbarrier. The Phase 1, from 8000 to 5000 cal yr BP, comprises the period of progressive elevation and highest relative sea-level. The marine influence in this Phase 1 is recorded by abundant shells and shell fragments from invertebrates that live in marine and lagoonal/bay environments; the organic matter preserved in the sediments show \'delta\'\'POT.13\'C inside the interval between -19 and -22%o which is typical of marine phytoplanktons; in the shells, the vertical variation of \'delta\'\'POT.13\'C (from 1.22%o to 0.20%o) and \'delta\'\'POT.18\'O (from -0.5%o to -1.8%o) indicates the influence of marine in this Fase 1. This led to the conclusion that in this Phase 1, the survey area should be occupied by an extensive bay system, with drowned incised valleys and isolated islands (represented by the current Ponta do Ilhote Pequeno, Cabo de Santa Marta and Ponta da Galheta). With fhe formation of the barrier the bay was separated from the shallow open sea, giving place to the lagoonal mixohaline water body. During Phase 2, from 5000 to 3000 years cal BP, under declining sea-level conditions, the four backbarrier sectors experienced different sedimentary evolutions, conditioned by the pre-existing morphology and sedimentary supply of each one. The deposits of the Phase 3, from around 3000 years BP to the present, are characterized by: absence of shells, predominance of fine sand facies with plant debris, increasingly higher amounts of \'C IND.org\' and lower \'delta\'\'POT.13\'C ratio in sediments, which begin to record values typical of C3 and C4 plants. This phase is interpreted as resulting from the progradation of the delta front on the lagoon margin, combined with the continued reduced sea level, accelerated filling process and emersion of lagoonal features. These features were remodeled by the lagoonal circulation, determining the recovering by tidal marshes. Phase 3 can also be considered as the maximum stabilization of aeolian dunes, with the formation of an extensive deflation plain and wet interdunes. This reducing of marine influence is potentially associated with the stretching, limitation or even closing of the lagoon mouth, with relative increase in the accumulation of continental organic matter. (AU) | |