Full text
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| Author(s): |
Alexandra Fernandes Oliveira
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Geociências (IG/BT) |
| Defense date: | 2012-04-25 |
| Examining board members: |
Andre Oliveira Sawakuchi;
Kazuo Fuzikawa;
Lucy Gomes Sant Anna
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| Advisor: | Andre Oliveira Sawakuchi |
| Abstract | |
The Irati-Pirambóia petroleum system has the Permian shales of the Irati Formation as source rocks and the Permo-Triassic fluvial-eolian sandstones of the Pirambóia Formation as the main reservoirs. Several authors associate the hydrocarbons generation from shales of the Irati Formation with the Serra Geral magmatism. The fluid inclusions analysis in authigenic minerals provides valuable information for understanding of dynamics and evolution of the post-depositional processes such as hydrocarbon generation and migration. The petrographic investigations carried out in hydrocarbon and aqueous fluid inclusions associated to microthermometric essays performed with aqueous fluid inclusions allowed to estimate the paleotemperatures for the Irati Formation in the eastern border of the Paraná Basin as well as obtain information about compositional characteristics of the trapped fluids. Aqueous fluid inclusions hosted in spar calcite and quartz veins are shown as biphasic inclusions associated to single phase inclusions, with irregular to regular morphology and size between 5\'mü\'m and 25\'mü\'m. The vapor phase normally is between 5% and 15% of the inclusion volume. The aqueous inclusions occur isolated within the crystal (primary), in concentrations as trails within the crystal (pseudo-secondary) or as trails crossing crystal boundary (secondary). The fluid inclusions composed of hydrocarbons have dimensions between 10 \'mü\'m and 50 \'mü\'m, and show vapor phase in varying proportions and with dark color. The fluorescence color under ultraviolet light ranges from yellow to pale blue. In addition, analyzes of total organic carbon (TOC) and sulfur concentrations were performed. The TOC of the Irati Formation shales outcroping in São Paulo and Paraná states varies from 0.43% to 17.41%, indicating high to excellent potential of hydrocarbons generation. The sulfur rates range from 0.1% to 6.04%, suggesting a depositional control as indicated by the positive correlation between the TOC and sulfur rates from some locations. The modal homogenization temperatures vary from 100°C to 150°C, reaching values around 300°C. These paleotemperatures suggest that the Irati Formation reached temperatures appropriate for light oil and gas generation. However, the paleotemperatures found cannot be explained only by burial and require to an additional heat source from Serra Geral magmatism. The presence of two aqueous fluids with different salinities was observed. The fluid with salinity ranging from 0 to 7.5% weight of the NaCl equivalent corresponds to the lower salinity fluids, while salinities varying from 12% to 21.5% weight of NaCl equivalent characterize the higher salinity fluids. Thus, it was interpreted that higher salinity fluids correspond to shale pore fluids migrated with hydrocarbons through source rock microfractures. On the other hand, the lower salinity fluids are possibly composed of meteoric water, whose circulation in deeper zones through subvertical fractures would be highly damaging to the hydrocarbons preservation. The hydrocarbons inclusions showed relatively mature and light oil, suggesting that the oil with high-viscosity and low-API found in outcrops of the Irati Formation and sandstone reservoirs of the Pirambóia Formation (tar sandstones) is a degradation product. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 09/02599-1 - The Irati-Pirambóia petroleum system in the State of São Paulo: hydrocarbon migration evaluated by fluid inclusion analysis |
| Grantee: | Alexandra Fernandes Oliveira |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |