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| Author(s): |
Ligia Shimabukuro Okuda
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina (FM/SBD) |
| Defense date: | 2012-07-03 |
| Examining board members: |
Marisa Passarelli;
Dennys Esper Corrêa Cintra;
Ubiratan Fabres Machado;
Suzana Beatriz Verissimo de Mello;
Carlos Augusto Goncalves Pasqualucci
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| Advisor: | Marisa Passarelli |
| Abstract | |
In diabetes mellitus, advanced glycation end products (AGE) reduces the cholesterol efflux from cells, which aggravates the development of atherosclerosis. In this study, we investigated the role of advanced glycated albumin (AGE-albumin) on macrophage inflammatory response and the impact of cytokines, chemokines and adhesion molecules secretion on cholesterol efflux mediated by apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and HDL subfractions. Furthermore, the HDL ability in modulating inflammatory response in macrophages treated with AGE-albumin was also determined. Mouse peritoneal macrophages previously enriched or not with cholesterol were treated in the presence of 2 mg/mL of control-albumin (C-albumin) or AGE-albumin, for 72 h, followed by incubation, for 24 h, with S100B calgranulin (20 g/mL) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 1 g/mL). In comparison to free endotoxin-C-albumin, AGE-albumin, by itself did not alter cytokine secretion by macrophages. However, AGE-albumin primed non-cholesterol enriched macrophages to a higher secretion of interleukin -6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) after stimulation with S100B or LPS, which was potentiated by cell cholesterol overload. In non-stimulated macrophages, conditioned medium, derived from incubation with AGE-albumin and S100B (cytokine enriched-medium), reduced the 14C-cholesterol efflux mediated by apoA-I, HDL2 and HDL3 in, respectively, 23%, 43% and 20%, in comparison to cells incubated with conditioned medium isolated from treatment with C-albumin and S100B. Similarly, 14C-cholesterol efflux mediated by apoA-I, HDL2 and HDL3 was reduced in macrophages treated with medium derived from incubation with AGE-albumin and LPS, respectively, 37%, 47% and 8,5% in comparison to treatment with C-albumin and LPS. In macrophages treated with C-albumin and S100B, previous incubation with HDL reduced the secretion of IL-6, TNF-, MCP-1 and VCAM-1 in, respectively 72%, 57%, 50% and 41% in comparison to incubation in the absence of HDL. In incubations with C-albumin, the secretion of IL-6, TNF-, MCP-1, IL-1 and VCAM-1 induced by LPS was respectively, 58%, 54%, 42%, 74% and 45% lower in cells treated with HDL in comparison to similar incubations in the absence of this lipoprotein. On the other hand, in macrophages treated with AGE-albumin and S100B, HDL was unable to reduce the TNF-, IL-1 and VCAM-1 secretion and increased the secretion of IL-6 (54%) and MCP-1 (20%). In cells treated with AGE-albumin and LPS, HDL was unable to reduce the secretion of TNF-, MCP-1 and IL-1 and increased IL-6 (16%) and VCAM-1 (20%). Reduction in inflammatory mediators was observed in macrophages treated with AGE-albumin only when HDL was incubated simultaneously with S100B or LPS. In conclusion, AGE-albumin primes macrophages to an inflammatory response elicited by S100B calgranulin and LPS, impairing macrophage reverse cholesterol transport. Moreover, AGE-albumin impairs the HDL anti-inflammatory properties, which can aggravate the atherosclerosis in diabetes mellitus (AU) | |