Full text
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| Author(s): |
Natália Alvarenga da Silva
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | São Carlos. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Química de São Carlos (IQSC/BT) |
| Defense date: | 2013-04-26 |
| Examining board members: |
Andre Luiz Meleiro Porto;
Moacir Rossi Forim
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| Advisor: | Andre Luiz Meleiro Porto |
| Abstract | |
In this work was performed a screening with the marine fungi Aspergillus sydowii CBMAI 934, Aspergillus sydowii CBMAI 935, Aspergillus sydowii 1241, Penicillium decaturense CBMAI 1234, Penicillium raistrickii CBMAI 931, Penicillium raistrickii CBMAI 1235 e Trichoderma sp. CBMAI 932 to evaluate the enzymatic potential of these microorganisms in the presence of organophosphate pesticides chlorpyrifos, methyl parathion and profenofos. The selected fungi for the reactions in liquid medium of malt 2%, which demonstrated better adaptation in presence of the pesticide chlorpyrifos, were the strains of A.sydowii CBMAI 935 and Trichoderma sp. CBMAI 932, in the presence of methyl parathion were A.sydowii CBMAI 935 and P. decaturense CBMAI 1234 and, in presence of profenofos were the fungi A. sydowii CBMAI 935 and P. raistrickii CBMAI 931. Analytical curves were performed in order to estimate the extent of biodegradation of the pesticide chlorpyrifos, methyl parathion, profenofos, and their hydrolysis products, 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol, 4-nitrophenol, 4-bromo 2-chlorophenol, respectively. Biodegradation reactions in liquid medium of malt 2% were evaluated with 10, 20 and 30 days with an initial concentration of 50 ppm of organophosphate pesticides. Profenofos, presented a complete biodegradation (100%) with the fungus P.raistrickii CBMAI 931, in 30 days of reaction, and 70% of biodegradation in the presence of the fungus A. sydowii CBMAI 935, at the same period. The fungi also showed a potential for degradation (or conjugation) of 4-bromo-2-chlorophenol. In the presence of the fungus A. sydowii CBMAI 935 and Trichoderma sp. CBMAI 932, chlorpyrifos exhibited the lowest degradation among the evaluated pesticides, presenting a degradation rate of 63 and 72%, respectively, at 30 days of reaction. The selected fungi were not capable of promoting an appreciable degradation of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol. In the presence of A. sydowii CBMAI 935 and P. decaturense CBMAI 1234, methyl parathion showed a degradation of 100%, at 20 days of reaction. The 4-nitrophenol showed a degradation (or conjugation) of approximately 50 and 40% in the presence of the fungus A. sydowii CBMAI 935 and P. decaturense CBMAI 1234, respectively. Finally, the presented studies demonstrated the efficiency of the marine fungi in biodegradation of organophosphate pesticides. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 11/03577-1 - Biodegradation of organophosphate pesticides by marine microorganisms |
| Grantee: | Natália Alvarenga da Silva |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |