Thermal stability studies of giant extracellular hemoglobin Glossoscolex paulistus (HbGp): effect of oxidation state of the heme group iron, pH and the presence of surfactant

Author(s)

José Wilson Pires Carvalho

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: São Carlos.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Química de São Carlos (IQSC/BT)
• Defense date: 2013-09-12

Examining board members

Marcel Tabak; Leandro Ramos Souza Barbosa; Marcelo Matos Santoro

• Advisor: Marcel Tabak

Abstract

The extracellular hemoglobin Glossoscolex paulistus of (HbGp) has an oligomeric structure composed by 144 globin chains and 36 non globin chains (named linkers), forming a hexagonal bilayer. HbGp presents a high stability reagarding pH variation and the presence of denaturing agents, such as, for example, urea and surfactant, at 25°C. In this way, the present studies aim to evaluate the thermal stability for oxy-, meta- and cyanomet-HbGp 0.5-3.0 mg/ml, at different pH values. The SDS effect on the thermal stability of oxy-HbGp 0.5 and 3.0 mg / mL is also investigated. Optical absorption, circular dichroism (CD), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) techniques were emplayed for these studies. The results based on the optical absorption and CD spectroscopies show that the denaturation process for oxy- and cyanomet-HbGp, at pH 7.0, involves the formation of oxidized species, such as aquo-met-HbGp and hemichrome. This denaturation process is very close to a two-state model, with a critical temperature (Tc) of 58-59 °C. However, in the acidic pH, the aggregation of protein occurs at 58 °C. The aggregation process kinetics for oxy-HbGp, pH 7.0, is dependent on the protein concentration and temperature. DLS data show that meta- and cyanomet-HbGp, 0.5 mg/mL, pH 7.0, undergo denaturation at 48 ± 1 and 56 ± 1 ° C, respectively. At alkaline pH, two HbGp forms undergo partial dissociation before denaturation, and at higher protein concentration, an increase of Tc values for cyanomet-HbGp is observed. SAXS results show that the denaturation of oxy-and met-HbGp occur at 60 °C, presenting Rg=143±1 Å and Dmax=450±15 Å, while cyanomet-HbGp remains stable with Rg =107±1 Å and Dmax= 300±10Å, at this temperature. The p(r) curves analysis show the increase of dodecamer and tetramer percentages in solution, with increase of pH and temperature. The results using the OLIGOMER program are similar to the p(r) data analysis. For oxy-HbGp 0.5 mg/mL pH 7.0, in the presence of SDS, oligomeric dissociation before denaturation is observed. However, with 3.0 mg/ml of protein the dissociation process is slower, showing an overlap of the dissociation, denaturation and aggregation processes in the system, with increase of temperature. At pH 5.0, SDS promotes the aggregation of oxy-HbGp at lower temperatures, as compared to the absence of surfactant. The kinetic dissociation constant values for oxy-HbGp 0.5 mg/mL increase from (0.53 ± 0.07) x10-4 s-1 to (2.1 ± 0.2) x10-4 s-1, in the presence of 0.4 and 0.6 mmol/L SDS at 40 ° C, respectively. At 42 °C the dissociation constant value increases 2.6-fold, with 0.6 mmol/L SDS, as compared to 40 °C. For oxy-HbGp 3.0 mg/ml, in the presence of 0.6 mmol/L SDS, the oligomeric dissociation is smallest occurring in shorter times with increasing temperature before aggregation. Therefore, these studies show that the thermal stability of HbGp is sensitive to the pH variation and the presence of SDS. At alkaline pH, the order of thermal stability is the following: cyanomet->oxy->met-HbGp. Furthermore, the denaturation process is governed by the pH value, being dependent on the protein concentration in solution. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 10/09719-0 - Effects of surfactants, iron oxidation state and medium pH upon the thermal stability of giant extracellular hemoglobin of Glossoscolex paulistus in its native oligomeric form and for trimeric ABC and monomeric d globin subunits
• Grantee: José Wilson Pires Carvalho
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate