The role of different dietary fatty acids on lipectomy and inflammatory bowel diseases.

Author(s)

Desire Ferreira Coelho

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB/SDI)
• Defense date: 2013-12-09

Examining board members

Marilia Cerqueira Leite Seelaender; Miriam Helena Fonseca Alaniz; Fabiana Braga Benatti; Cláudia Lúcia de Moraes Forjaz; Julio Orlando Tirapegui Toledo

• Advisor: Antonio Herbert Lancha Junior

Abstract

The present thesis is divided into two studies. The aim of the first study was to investigate the effects of lipectomy in rats submitted to different high-fat diets. The rats were allocated into three groups; a high-saturated fat diet (SAT), a high-polyunsaturated fat diet (PUFA) and a control diet (CON). Following eight weeks, rats were allocated to lipectomy (L) or a sham operation (S); and euthanized three weeks after. SAT-L occasioned a compensatory growth of the retroperitoneal depot and increased TNF-a levels resulting in decreased insulin sensitivity, increased cholesterol levels and increased fatty liver. PUFA-L did not shown these effects probably due to increased brown adipose depot. The second study aimed to evaluate the effects of the SAT and PUFA in mice with ulcerative colitis. PUFA increased inflammatory scores and tissue lesions, resulting in increased death rate. SAT increased MPO and cytokine mRNA expression. However, the histological analyses showed an improved tissue response suggesting that inflammation is necessary. Therefore, it can be concluded that the type of fat is more important than the total amount according to the disease state. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 11/02225-4 - Effect of different types of dietary fat on fat re-growth and lipidic and glycidic metabolism in lipectomized rats.
• Grantee: Desire Ferreira Coelho
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate