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| Author(s): |
Julio Barêa Pastore
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo (FAU/SBI) |
| Defense date: | 2014-04-11 |
| Examining board members: |
Vladimir Bartalini;
Ricardo Marques de Azevedo;
Eduardo José Marandola Junior;
Raul Isidoro Pereira;
Adriana Conceição Guimarães Veríssimo Serrão
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| Advisor: | Vladimir Bartalini |
| Abstract | |
The term landscape has been appropriated by many fields of knowledge, such as Geography, Philosophy, Ecology, Anthropology, Landscape Architecture and the Visual Arts, with meanings that range from the objective reality of a portion of the territory to its pictorial representation. We understand that the concept of landscape and landscape images are, ultimately, founded on a specific character of a specific tone of the subjects experience in the lived world, not to be confused with other possible aesthetic relationships of human beings with nature or to the space. We believe that landscape has its perceptive modality based on the larger scale of the lived space, and involves characteristic existential meanings. In this sense, we may consider that the acknowledgment of the importance for man of the landscape experience is as fundamental as others themes of our theoretical technical or artistic universe, such as, for example, the themes of space and dwelling for architecture. In this thesis we question the effectiveness of the landscaping gaze at the Cerrado. We use as case studies the accounts of the foreign naturalists who visited the ancient Province of Goyaz, in the 19th Century, and the urban plans of the capital cities of Goiânia (1933), Brasília (1957) and Palmas (1989). We seek to demonstrate, from some of the criteria established by Augustin Berque, if, and how, the Cerrado could have been taken as landscape in these documents. As a theoretical fundament, we start with the acknowledgment of landscape as a sensitive experience, and therefore, possible to be understood from the perspective of aesthetics. We make use of Gernot Böhmes rflections on aisthetica. To collect meanings specific to landscape experience, in the field of landscape philosophy and phenomenology, we turn to the reflections of Eric Dardel and Jean-Marc Besse. We attempt to expose what we call dynamics of landscape appropriation of the territory, that is, a process by which cultural values (or rather landscape values) are formed, which make reference to Cerrado as landscape, focusing on the importance of the sensitive experience of this region. We searched the analyzed documents to find the effectiveness of the apprehension of Cerrado as landscape, having as criteria the occurrence of representations, text references, and the spatial relation which the urban plans envisioned with the surroundings of the cities. The results indicate that the landscaping gaze can affirm itself in greater or smaller intensity, in each case and at each moment. This, we believe, reflects the fact that there is a movement inherent to man in the apprehension of the territory as landscape, and that this movement mobilizes and actualizes the cultural values from the landscape experience of the Cerrado. (AU) | |