Temporality and Asperger syndrome

Author(s)

Patrícia Ribeiro Zukauskas

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina (FM/SBD)
• Defense date: 2004-03-03

Examining board members

Francisco Baptista Assumpcao Junior; Carmita Helena Najjar Abdo; Ceres Alves de Araujo; Jacy Perissinoto

• Advisor: Francisco Baptista Assumpcao Junior

Abstract

Based on a theoretic-phenomenological perspective, temporality is defined as an essential condition of a person in view of the world. This condition is determinant to build what is perceived and experienced as well as makes evident the circumstances from which all possible conceptions of time emerge. In addition, the subject is also considered accordingly to his intentionality by which he is directed towards something. In other words, a defined and perceived world can only exist for a subject who, being directed towards it, can conceive that world through his senses and consciousness. The Asperger syndrome (AS), a pervasive developmental disorder belonging to the autistic spectrum, is characterized in individuals showing a very peculiar pattern of interaction, particularly displaying deficits of symbolization, communication and socialization. Under a psychosocial point of view, these aspects have been understood as an innate lack of affective-conative attitude impairing the development of autistic children. In clinical practice dealing with these children, professionals have been asking questions on their inflexibility in time span experience, on the difficulties in accepting and understanding changes and on the apparent restriction of the perspective in temporality independently of their intellectual levels. Temporality in Asperger syndrome was herein investigated aiming at its characterization. The study was constituted by two complementary and fundamental phases. In the first phase (N = 30 for the AS group; N = 30 for the comparison group) aspects of time notion were evaluated through quantitative and qualitative instruments. In the second phase (N = 15 for the AS group; N = 15 for the comparison group) matters related to temporality were investigated through a qualitative interview. The results have shown a restricted temporality evidenced by impairments related to the continuity of contact with the environment, by a limited perspective in the sense of becoming, and by a notion of time based on spatial elements, all in detriment of subjective aspects, thus restricting time sharing with people and elaboration of projects of life (AU)