Abstract
Varicocele, also known as testicular varicose veins, is considered a major cause of male infertility. This condition is the result of a malfunction or absence of the valves in the spermatic veins that have a retrograde blood flow, resulting in venous dilation of pampiniform plexus. Its effects involve hormonal dysfunction, sperm DNA damage, hypoxia and testicular hyperthermia, reflux of a…