Abstract
Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a reduction of renal function resulting of iodinated contrast (IC) use. CIN is considered the third cause of hospital-acquired acute kidney Injury (AKI). Chronic hyperglycemia state on diabetes mellitus results in a vulnerable kidney to hypoxia and oxidative stress. Diabetes Mellitus is an important risk factor to development of CIN. L-carnitine is a …