Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract (GI) is the entry point for food into the body and is responsible for the production of various hormones that regulate body metabolism. Among these hormones, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) stands out, being produced not only in the intestine but also in the central nervous system (CNS) and pancreatic ±-cells. GLP-1 has insulinotropic, neogenic, and proliferativ…