Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is responsible for most of the intracellular proteolysis in eukaryotes and consists of three enzymes: E1 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme), E2 (ubiquitin-carrying enzyme) and E3 (ubiquitin-ligase enzyme). These enzymes act in a coordinated manner in the ubiquitination process, recognizing target proteins and transferring ubiquitin to them, thus directing …