Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass has emerged as a promising renewable source for the production of high-value-added compounds. Among the products derived from this biomass, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) stands out as a key intermediate in the synthetic pathway to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), a precursor to the sustainable polymer polyethylene furanoate (PEF). However, the synthesis of FDCA f…